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The first example of Chicano/Latino activism is the strike in Watsonville, California when 1700 cannery workers—primarily Mexican women—went on a protest in 1985 and secured a union agreement including health benefits. In 1990, San Antonio-based Levi Strauss employees who had been let off due to the firm’s relocation to Costa...
The more extensive the person’s social network, the greater access they have to social, psychological, and economic resources and opportunities. The range of these increasingly broad factors is called social capital. It generalizes the idea of potential and actual interpersonal resources that are embedded in social networks. Social capital is...
Society consists of countless direct and indirect connections between people. The network of such relationships at different social levels, such as interpersonal, group, organizational, or societal, is referred to as a social network. In this context, social networking represents the process of making these connections and interactions. Ultimately, it allows...
Difficult dialogues provide a perfect example of a high-risk – high-reward situation. Due to the delicacy of raised topics, the discussions might become heated and personalized. However, if properly handled, these discussions ultimately increase awareness and aid in understanding diversity. In order to avoid negative outcomes, several ground rules for...
Some people take communication for granted, forgetting that it was vital in the development of the human species. In general, communication implies the exchange of meanings through various messages. In particular, communication can be referred to as the transfer of information, attitudes, ideas, and feelings between people. It has not...
The term social inequality has been present in human society since its creation. Although its particular facets changed over time, the nature of unequally distributed means and opportunities among people remained the same. According to Bucher, the contemporary description of social inequality “refers to unequal distribution of resources, such as...
In analyzing one-selves, people might recognize numerous personal characteristics and features. In general, they can be classified into two categories: nature and nurture. In the former case, the emphasis is put on “default” personal features, features that were obtained biologically or naturally. These traits showcase something inborn and genetic, such...
In practice, the development of diversity consciousness is an infinite process. There are six areas for diversity consciousness development: self-analyzing, analyzing other people, exceeding personal boundaries, analyzing social inequality, self-criticizing, and applying what was learned. Self-analysis is a critical starting point in the process of consciousness development. Above everything else,...
Freedom is a relative state of one’s physical body or mind because people may not be incarcerated but still be enslaved mentally to other individuals’ will. A person can have good employment but may feel trapped in the office because of the obligation to be constantly available to the employer....
Race does not exist physically; according to science, few genetic differences exist among humans, and race is not an appropriate diversity indicator. As a human-created classification system, race is considered a social construction. It was created to help people tell one another apart based on their physical characteristics, but it...
Both Ethnicity and race are related to human ancestry but the two terms have a significant difference. Race relates to humans who share a certain physical trait distinctive from other people. Aspects of race are biological and relate to biological features such as skin texture or the color of the...
A person living in absolute poverty cannot obtain essential basic needs such as clothes, food, and shelter. The individual is not able to sustain their life with financial means due to low income or other issues. Consequently, absolute poverty is measured using a poverty line. For relative poverty, a person’s...
The concept of equality of opportunity shows that no individual is supposed to be treated differently due to their differences in race, religion, and ethnicity. Everyone is supposed to have equal opportunities to get an education, equal job opportunities, and equal chances for healthcare. On the other hand, equity of...
Robert Agnew implements the new term “strain” into the anomie theory. By using this term, the author addresses the problem of the American dream affirmation and the social and psychological pressure created by the materialistic society order. The American dream itself within the capitalistic society creates inequality. The humiliated minorities...
Traditional social institutions should be the regulative measure of materialism. However, in a capitalistic society, they become the aggravating factor enhancing the role of power and money. Robert Merton discusses this problem within the anomie theory. By “anomie,” Robert means the state of society with the disorganization of social norms...
A typical material for children’s toys is bright primary colored hard plastic. It is used to capture children’s attention and entertain them. Other materials are open-ended and real items used to develop children’s intellectual and sensorial abilities. They are meant to allow kids to create, invent and construct. Different materials...
The social worker is bound by NASW principles and legal duties to protect the psychiatrist. The psychiatrist seems to be in danger because the mentally ill man can do anything to him. The social worker should follow the following duties of the psychiatrist. Social workers are responsible for notifying prospective...
The ideas of social Darwinism have their origins in Darwin’s evolutionary teachings, which placed natural selection and the struggle for survival at the core of development. According to social Darwinism, the same forms of interaction exist in interpersonal relationships. This perspective encourages biological competition between people and the notion that...
There is a strong correlation between analytic and holistic thinking styles and a wide range of behavioral and cognitive characteristics. Analytical thinkers concentrate on the characteristics of particular items and group them into appropriate groups. As a result, holistic thinkers look at the interrelationships between the many elements in the...
The New York City truck attack and the Michigan school shooting were chosen for comparison. The first event took place in 2017 in Manhattan when a terrorist ran over twelve people on a rented truck. The police officer who was on another call noticed the terrorist and urgently shot him....
With the development of information technology, social media occupy an increasing place in the lives of individuals. In connection with this, people appear who believe that technological development harms the processes of socialization of citizens. However, it should be emphasized that this point of view is not correct because social...
It is important to note that in recent times, society has made great progress in the sphere of its own identity. This applies not only to self-realization or appearance but also to sex and gender. First of all, it should be noted that gender is the anatomical feature of the...
A dual relationship is successful if there is no potential harm to the client from the professional, and they both take care to avoid situations where the client can be harmed. According to Eketone, dual relationships must have “clear, appropriate and culturally sensitive boundaries”. A successful dual relationship implies that...
Wellness reflects the quality of life, which comprises the availability of health care and social services. In contemporary culture, it is central because it is associated with indexes of happiness and socialization. Emerging problems in achieving a high quality of life have forced the search for solutions through interactions. Social...
The Declaration of Sentiments was a crucial source of public awareness of the women’s rights movement throughout the country. It immediately pointed to the many unequal conditions in which women were forced to find themselves. It declared social inequalities, the inadequacy of legislation for women, and restrictions on health, finances,...
In this news article Glass and Ivey address an issue related to community policing and its state in Montgomery County. The necessity of actions is determined by the same reasons identified by Worrall, including poor police-citizen relations, the inappropriate role of police, and the frustration of policemen. Thus, the inability...
As I am a rather active person, I like to see tangible and quick results of my action, a situation not always possible in a professional helping relationship. When a consultant discusses a situation with a client and gives some advice, it is hardly reasonable to expect immediate results. A...
Warmth is defined as a kind, cordial, sympathetic attitude towards a person or the ability to experience such an attitude. Empathy is understood as a conscious association with the emotional state of other people, the ability to recognize what they feel and express compassion. These qualities are necessary in helping...
The notion of a domestic policy is quite a broad concept. Typically, a domestic policy includes the range of actions and strategies used by the government to manage the relevant needs of the state and its citizens. Though the principles used to maintain, support, and encourage the development of the...
On the surface, interest groups are barely distinguishable from social movements in their form. However, when comparing the goals of either, one will notice a dissimilarity. Specifically, social movements typically seek to change public attitudes, whereas interest groups strive to alter economic policies and legal standards. As a rule, interest...
As a rule, social movements develop in the settings where the presence of social injustice is evident, and where the levels of discontent among citizens have reached their peak. Therefore, pent-up anger, frustration, and dissatisfaction caused by severe injustice and infringement upon the rights of a specific group can lead...
The pandemic presented a range of unprecedented challenges that redefined social relationships. The lessons learned in social psychology provide new insights that help to explain human behavior during the pandemic. Over the last two years, there has been increased use of social media, which can be attributed to the need...
The influence of personalities and situations on individuals’ behavior was the motivation behind Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment. In a simulated prison environment, Dr. Zimbardo tested the impact of the prison environment on the physical expressions of guards and prisoners and found that each adapted to the environment, behaving as they...
Various theories have been advanced to explain the development of specific behavioral patterns. Bandura’s social learning theory explains that people learn by observing, meditating, and imitating other people’s conduct. This explains the connection between environmental and cognitive factors as they influence human experiences. For example, Bandura’s theory can be applied...
The Nazi regime and the experiences of Jews during the Holocaust and World War II highlighted new perspectives of human behavior in the face of extreme threats, which contributed to the development of social psychology. According to Mattsson and Johansson, some people were inclined to save the Jews, while others...
If I were a superhero, I would choose telepathy as my superpower and skill. People are not always willing to say out loud what they feel, and being able to read their minds can help with this hardship. Telepathy can be a good stimulus for building competent and transparent relationships...
Ethical Issues in Conducting Research with Australian Indigenous Populations Researchers who work with or on behalf of indigenous people must include them at all stages to understand the research’s aims and methods. The foundation of any study involving or focusing on Indigenous peoples must be one of open communication and...
Collaboration is a factor that is widely emphasized in political and social sciences. A study by Nohrstedt and Bodin defines collective action as a condition in which short-term self-interest clashes with long-term collective interests leading to a significant risk whereby the collective benefit is not brought out completely. For instance,...
The media began to cover this reform as not meeting the expectations of the population. In addition, the defeat of Eric Canton’s made it possible to indicate that this reform will not have the opportunity for further development and implementation, since a change, of course, is required. Thus, it was...
They used the media as the main mouthpiece for presenting information that Eric Cantor’s immigration policy was not tough enough and did not meet the expectations of the population. Thus, by spreading his defeats through the media, belittling the image of a politician, they were able to promote the right...
There are many motives that encourage people to perform actions that do not directly benefit them or their organization. This applies to the field of work and ordinary life, when we are influenced by various circumstances, often harmful to us. The first reason is directly related to our need to...
It is possible to live in a separate culture in the United States and avoid all influences from mainstream popular culture or the values and norms of other cultures. However, it is only possible if one is willing to entirely isolate from the rest of society, which includes shunning all...
Culture shock denotes the confusion people experience when they encounter and interact with cultures that are manifestly different from their own and realize that they cannot rely on their assumptions about life. On the other hand, ethnocentrism is the tendency to judge other people’s cultures based on their while; in...
Technological changes have precipitated cultural differences in many nations and the world by enabling fast and instant dissemination of information. Consequently, different societies with distinct cultural values and beliefs have become exposed to the norms of other cultures. The result of this rapid spread of information is an immense interaction...
Differences between folkways, mores, and laws primarily relate to their level or extent of formality and the consequences of non-compliance. Folkways are informal rules or daily customs whose contravention does not attract severe consequences. Conversely, mores are informal but firmly held standards within a particular culture, with moral and ethical...
Postmodernism, symbolic interactionism, conflict, and functionalism are the four main sociological perspectives. Functionalists assert that society is composed of interconnected components that collaborate to maintain stability, which can be threatened by dysfunctional conduct or institutions. Thus, culture can be conceptualized as one of the components that contribute to maintaining societal...
Organized sport has proved itself as an environment that fosters physical fitness, positive values, and inspiring morals while following patriarchal and sex binary narratives. Therefore, sports systems are based on sex segregation that matches the beliefs based on many socially constructed views on the difference between men and women. This...
Racism is deeply rooted in the long-lasting socio-cultural legacy of settler colonialism. Colorism and its implications emerged from the narrative of the Europeans and the other after the encounters between the settlers and the indigenous people of Canada. Racism and racialized inequalities negatively impact the active participation of minority groups...
The situational crisis involves unexpected events, an occurrence of which is out of an individual’s control. On the other hand, developmental crisis progresses through individuals’ life cycles and takes part in different stages of the growing and developing process. The difference between developmental and situational crises is that developmental crises...
Culture presents an important component of an individual’s perception and thinking. Therefore, it is important to know and understand the client’s cultural background to avoid miscommunications, such as different interpretations of specific words in different languages or misuse of additional communication elements, such as body language.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs suggests that self-actualization is achievable only after accomplishing the peripheral hierarchies. Self-actualization is at the top of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and is preceded by the physiological, love and belonging, safety, and esteem needs. Self-actualization is a sense of self-fulfillment that encompass all other needs. Love...
Positive psychology is based on achieving the satisfaction of one’s needs through positive emotions and experiences. Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi believe that negative emotions are repulsive qualities and can significantly inhibit developmental progress. In this regard, they put forward the idea of what characteristics determine the satisfaction of the moment –...
Psychologists can help by using Community Readiness Model to assess how ready the community is for social justice change. This method will help determine the readiness of the society to engage in social justice action at the level of system change. Secondly, there is a need to develop a model...
Oppression can be termed as exploiting or dehumanizing human beings to the advantage of superior power. Oppression is targeted toward a group based on cultural, economic, social, or political factors, which leads to the domination and subordination and superiority or inferiority of subjects. Consumption of capital is one of the...
Five examples of obstacles to productive teamwork are conflicts, poor decision-making, communication barriers, the lack of clear objectives, and ineffective leadership. A proper team needs to have a clear goal to work towards under an appropriate leader, where ideas and information are shared openly. In addition, it is important to...
The four major causes of stress include prejudice or discrimination, work or family, housing, and money. The latter refers to financial issues faced by all people, and housing is related to being able to rent, buy, or live in a housing unit. Work and family matters can involve interpersonal relationships,...
Equal employment opportunity is a set of policies, practices, and legal systems designed to regulate and ban any form of discrimination on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, age, gender, religion, cultural background, or disability. However, diversity management strives to ensure that a specific environment is diversity-friendly by ensuring that...
The three key factors that influence one’s emotions include behavioral response, physiological response, and subjective experience. The latter refers to human awareness and the conscious experience of internal perception of outside reality as well as the underlying interpretation. Physiological response to a stimulus can also alter a person’s emotional state,...
In my opinion, gender stereotypes and the assignment of gender roles affects young children’s gender development by guiding their construction of gender and their behavior. Two theories particularly explain how gender roles and stereotypes influence children’s gender development: social role theory and social cognitive theory. As Rafferty points out, children...
ANOVA is an organization that seeks to protect women and girls from domestic and other types of violence initiated by men. This organization was created by merging the Women’s Community House and Sexual Assault Centre of London, Ontario. This organization provides a broad spectrum of services, including safe places, sheltering,...
The modern American lifestyle is substantially different from one hundred or even fifty years ago. It can be noticed not only through the technological progress that the world has made but also by the societal structure and individuals’ mindsets. I view this phenomenon as social change, an enormous shift in...
The speaker’s conclusion about the reasons why they are lucky represents a causal fallacy. Throwing coins in the fountain and having good luck are two co-occurring events that are not actually related. However, the speaker mistakes the correlation for a cause-effect relationship and assumes that two events taking place together...
The advertisement contains an appeal to pity in order to increase the amount of donated money. Using topics pertaining to animal abuse, which are known to evoke strong emotions in the general audience, the speaker combines this narrative with some sad music to increase the emotional influence even more. The...
The expressed position regarding Pizza Hut is a hasty generalization since the speaker assumes that all people must love this restaurant chain. In this case, no consideration is given to the diversity of opinions. Additionally, as a hasty generalization, the statement consists only of the main claim, with no evidence...
The presented statement can be classified as a slippery slope argument. The speaker proceeds from a small cause, such as the prohibition to go to movies with friends, to relatively significant negative consequences, including becoming isolated from peers and popular culture. The outcome supposed by the speaker represents an attempt...
In this example, the speaker’s conclusion is based on the appeal to authority or the readiness to accept a viewpoint because it comes from an authoritative and trusted person. The teacher is supposed to have professional expertise in assessing students’ talents and cognitive abilities, so this person’s words are taken...
A bandwagon fallacy permeates the reasoning behind the key statement. The speaker mistakes the position’s popularity for evidence of its validity. Using a popular opinion as a reference point, he/she expresses a viewpoint that Led Zeppelin is the best band, and this statement’s widespread nature serves as the only reason...
The sentence contains the so-called tu quoque fallacy since the speaker seeks to distract other individuals from his/her act of stealing a cookie by diverting the blame. By mentioning that another person committed the same act, the speaker attempts to address a personal attack with criticism focusing on someone else’s...
This example contains an argument from ignorance since the speaker argues that the position that UFOs do not exist must be true since there is no evidence for their existence. Therefore, the person takes one position as correct just due to a lack of contrary evidence. In this case, the...
The assumption regarding the causes of Jane’s absence contains a causal fallacy. There are numerous possible reasons for skipping sports practice, such as health issues, personal problems, the need to leave the city, and so on. Without knowing the true reason, the speaker insists on one specific assumption without presenting...
This statement represents an anecdotal evidence fallacy since the argument is based only on the speaker’s personal experiences considered out of context. The speaker replaces logical evidence with anecdotal claims by assuming that the scenario they have experienced will be true for everyone regardless of circumstances, such as the loaning...
According to Singer’s perspective, people who live in developed countries have the moral obligation to help those who live in worse conditions. Donating part of own income is a way to help people in developing countries who starve. The peculiar detail is that Singer writes about the sacrifice of something...
The concept of “das Volk” was developed by Johann Gottfried von Herder who lived in 1744-1803. He believed that a nation consisted of “a group of people united by a common language, geography, religion, and customs”. Herder’s definition mostly fits with my understanding of the United States as a nation...
As racial segregation persisted in all institutions within the U.S., military duties were significantly affected. Whites were accorded high ranks in the military while African Americans took the lower positions. At the onset of WWII, most African Americans were sent to the battlefield, where many died, and those who returned...
Ghettos are one of the most challenging socio-economic issues in many countries. These are remote locations where society’s marginalized and minorities live. Insufficient housing, overpopulation, and abject poverty are all factors that contribute to the ghetto formation. The poor are unable to acquire better living conditions due to the lack...
One of the challenges that most people in South Africa faced was racial reclassification. Because of the mixed blood, a white man was forced to register as a black person. On the identity cards, South Africans were given a rubber stamp that indicated if they were black or white. When...
Non-Americans are sometimes accorded a high status within the USA if they are perceived to be of foreign descent. While people of color born in America are blocked from accessing some facilities, the same may be highly respected if they dress and talk like foreigners. An example is given of...
Concerning an individual’s identity, evidence and appearance are used by the courts to determine a person’s race, thereby choosing the treatment due to their ethnic identity. Evidence entails a person’s life, which is determined by analyzing their perceptions, social status, close associations with people of a particular race, and their...
One of the most fundamental questions millennials ask regarding the fight for freedom is what Martin Luther King and Malcolm X would do in such a scenario. These two leaders contributed a massive influence on the civil rights movements, and their efforts are felt to the present day. However, while...
For decades, African Americans and other black communities have fought for racial equality in the USA. The most notable depiction of such resolves was evident during the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. America declared January 20 for the recognition of the works done by Rev. Martin Luther King in the fight...
It was a fine morning when I was walking to school on a pedestrian path, and suddenly a stranger’s poach dropped from her pocket. The stranger did not instantly realize this, and it happened that two individuals were closely following her. The individuals picked up the bag unnoticeably and kept...
According to the conformity theory, people try to adapt to various activities or events because they believe that the interpretations of others about ambiguous situations are accurate and help them choose the right course of action. With this knowledge, I can employ the strategies of prosocial behavior to induce people...
Basing the argument on equity theory as an extension of the social exchange theory. It best explains couple satisfaction by arguing that rather than merely aiming to maximize benefits or minimize losses, couples will be happy if both partners have an equal ratio of rewards and attention. This outlines that...
The religious and societal roles have created controversy over femininity and masculinity in the contemporary world. As the world continues to advance and evolve, the role and responsibilities of women continue to take a different facet. Today women are seen to perform beyond just childbearing and household duties. This has...
The presence of others can either benefit or inhibit one’s performance. Group effort, throughout the history of humankind, has proven itself to be more efficient, as individuals may benefit from the expertise, companionship, and extra labor provided by other members of the group. An example of such would be construction...
Lack of resources, underdeveloped industry, environmental disasters, and wars can become the cause of famine, especially in low-income countries. Singer claims in his paper that affluent nations are morally obliged to provide financial aid to people in the states affected by famine by giving an example of the 1971 Bangladesh...
Technological literacy addresses the ability to use digital products and the know-how to navigate them effortlessly. However, the idea of technological literacy is somewhat limited and often follows the premise that to be technologically literate is enough for one to be a mere consumer of media. On the other hand,...
I am confident that culture and human values have a connection since cultural differences often cause various misinterpretations of human rights and the corresponding misunderstandings and confrontations. Martin Luther King Jr. actively discusses those conflicts in his “Letter from the Birmingham jail.” The author mentions many different communities, such as...
Average life expectancy is the term that can be used to refer to changes in average lifespans among Americans. The term refers to the average age a person living in America will probably have, derived from a pool of average lifespans within a population. Much like mortality, life expectancy within...
The percentage of the oldest old compared to other demographic segments can be a good descriptive statistic to demonstrate changes in population. Using the relative amount of the oldest old people over the years, it is possible to observe growth trends and further compare the population to other groups. While...
The increase in elderly population numbers over the years can best be described by the concept of population mortality. Throughout the generations, the life expectancy and life quality for the majority of the population have increased. With advances in technology, medicine, life convenience, accessibility, and other areas, the life of...
White people from Europe (Euro-Americans) have also had a hard time trying to win their right to be treated as white in the USA. For instance, Jews faced a wave of antisemitic sentiment in the country in the 1920s-1930s, with a widespread theory positioning Jews as a “different” race (Euro...
The film Antebellum is an outstanding fantasy on how far white supremacists could go if they had a legal (or even self-imposed) right to practice overt racism again. Its release is very timely, giving both white and non-white people a radical, shocking perspective on what may happen if race leaves...
I have done some of the conversation killers that Edwards speaks about. When having meaningful dialogue, delivering a talk, or making a presentation, hand gestures might help people create better thoughts, speak in shorter sentences, and utilize more descriptive language. However, poor gesturing can lead to misinterpretation of information and...
I would utilize some specific actions from Edwards’ recommendations to trigger dopamine and excitement from colleagues. The happy side effect of asking someone else to think of what is exciting is that you become more memorable, which benefits all of us. Furthermore, triggering dopamine creates feelings of reward and pleasure...
I find the term endogamy interesting because it reflects dominant social and cultural assumptions that people use to evaluate the actions of others, and I am not an exception. This notion defines the belief that people from a specific social group should marry within this small community. The peculiar detail...
I would consider the word ‘lexicon’ as the most appealing to me due to different reasons. On the one hand, the lexicon represents language’s priorities regarding the number of words and expressions for each sphere of life. For example, most of the current marine terminology is based on the Netherlandic...
Notably, we have a responsibility to help solve this issue. People exploit the natural resources needed for continuous production and degrade the land by prioritizing quantity above quality. Thus, we encourage farmers to cultivate crops for low prices, resulting in climate change and catastrophic weather occurrences. It is vital to...
The ethics of care, often known as care ethics, is a philosophical stance on morality and decision-making that takes a relational and context-bound perspective. The ethics of care is founded on the uniqueness of relationships. Therefore, a care ethicist would save the mother in the case of drowning. Essentially, this...
Of the six ways of responding, the most effective in this case I can think of is apologizing and accepting the Mexican side’s conditions. This is the best solution for several reasons. First, the U.S. side is unlikely to change the Mexican side’s mind in this area because gender stereotypes...