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I consider this Divine Command Theory ideal and plausible when it comes to perceiving the global society. As civilizations interact, religious systems tend to stress universalism to a more considerable significant degree. On the other hand, belief sects focus on redemption and consciousness as the division of work makes the...
The Divine Command Theory holds that ethics is dependent on God and that ethical duty is fulfilled by submitting to God’s directives. It is also the belief that ethics particularly depends upon God’s demands or appeals. Thus, the ethically good conduct mandated by God is recognized as the Divine Command...
The period of 600CE to 1250CE was a period of religious spread and expansion. After centuries of being spread underground and evangelistically, Christianity finally reached a point of being the dominant religion from a Eurocentric point of view as the Catholic Church came into power. For a long time, Christianity...
From the beginning of time, God was a good, loving Father. God created the whole universe and human beings. When God’s friendship with Adam was broken by sin, God offered people hope by promising to send a Messiah who would save them from death and sin. God revealed who he...
The work shows Russell’s commitment to logical positivism and mathematical truths. This direction is considered the opposite of empiricism and sensory perception of the world, as in Hinduism. Both theories have a right to exist and may overlap in the context of the research. Logic is a tool for organizing...
Thecaste system implies a rigid division of society into different social strata. It might require the use of specific control levers; rigorous paradigms and religious concepts are frequently adopted to govern this type of social system. The ideas of reincarnation and karma conditionally justify a person’s belonging to a particular...
This term is one of the central Buddhism concepts of the Four Noble Truths. Dukkhameans a state of mind arising from the morbid impermanence of the world and attachment to something mundane. It suggests purifying the mind by getting rid of the root causes and negative emotions: hatred, regret, envy,...
Buddhism and Hinduism represent peace of mind and complete harmony with oneself without internal conflicts that can irritate intentional striving of consciousness to the world. Both directions are strictly focused on maintaining mental purity and neglecting external factors.
Today’s world is very complex and multifaceted. It includes many theories, postulates, and ideas, which sometimes conflict with or contradict each other. The Eastern concept of moving away from the physical self runs counter to the developed personality cult in the West. It highlights the difference in worldview and the...
Buddhism carries the concept of denying the self and avoiding manifestations of egoism and egocentrism. Its philosophy is aimed at releasing oneself from the illusions of the body and the worldly perception of one’s life. The process of human growth in this concept can be described as a rebirth from...
Today there are many religious confessions in the world. Though in comparison with the ancient ages, the religious influence has diminished, religion still plays an important role in modern life. Religion gives people comfort, hope, spiritual satisfaction, and support. It is not uncommon when people to turn to religion in...
I think the idea of using religion as a means of getting power is not new. Initially, religion was used as an explanation of the causes of events that a person cannot influence. Those people who claimed to be able to explain the forces behind natural events such as earthquakes,...
God has created the world; the seven days of creation are the metaphorical description of this creation. Holy Bible says that “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of...
Humans have the spark of God in themselves: this is what we call consciousness. This God’s spark is the part of the eternal and infinite God’s spirit, which He consciously put into us. According to the Holy Bible (NIV), God revealed His intentions as “let us make mankind in our...
Death is the transition phase: it is the end of the known life, but it is also the gate to something new. From our current state of knowledge, it is impossible to know for sure what happens after death, but it is possible to feel it. Thanatology is the science...
Ethics is the way of acting that correlates with God’s intentions and is beneficial both for the individual and other people. My ethic is based on Christian scriptures, scientific knowledge, and my own experience of God’s understanding. The basis of Christian ethics is the Ten Commandments from the Holy Bible....
This worldview is basedon the Christian religion, scientific reason, and my own experience of the interaction with God. The ethic of my interactions with other people is built on a principle of maximal benefit for each other. I search those ways of communication which will be beneficial both for me...
As a Christian, I believe that God is in His Trinity form; He is good, infinite, omnipotent, transcendent, and sovereign. It means that He is the source of all good, and by understanding Him, a person understands what good is. He is transcendent, and people cannot perceive Him directly, despite...
Confucianism describes a philosophy and an ancient belief system that originated in ancient China. It is a system of statesmanship, ethics, and education taught by Confucius and his disciples. This philosophy is intended to serve as a moral guide to life and help in building a strong character. People who...
Human life is full of both happy and sad moments, which can affect us positively or negatively. At times, we experience the situations independently, and in some cases, the experience is collective, though the depth of influence may differ. Death is the last stage in a man’s life, and it...
Christianity began way back in the 1st century after Jesus was born, died, and resurrected. It started in Judea with a small group of Jewish people who quickly spread the religion across the Roman Empire. Regardless of the early persecutions of Christians, the belief was quickly adopted and became the...
The two religions became universal since conquest and missionary work facilitated diffusion. Christianity spread through the downfall of Rome, while Ashoka spread Buddhism. Besides that, both religions emerged in an effort aimed at reforming the religious systems they emanated from. Perhaps the most important factor that led to their universal...
The ultimate appeal of Christianity to the Roman Empire was its model of forming powerful and robust kingdoms. Politically, these strong models led to the rebuilding of the Empire. Christianity was defined as a well-organized, successful organization that helped in the reconstruction of the Roman Empire.
The origin of Islam dates from the 7th century. The religion started in Mecca, present-day Saudi Arabia, during the times of Prophet Muhammad, and it is spreading widely throughout the whole world. In addition to pilgrimage and missionaries such as Prophet Muhammad, trade and military conquest played a lead in...
According to St. Thomas, the soul is the “first” principle of life and is the essence of all animate beings. St. Thomas assumes that soul as a concept is the “first” principle of life; and, therefore, holds a special place in the comprehension of a living being. On the other...
The intellectual principle or knowledge is the system that allows for operations per se or, in other words, on its own without external factors. According to St. Thomas, only subsistent entities can operate in this manner; thus, the human soul is incorporeal and subsistent, while the souls of brute animals...
According to St. Thomas, the four interior senses are common sense, imagination, memory, and estimative ability. Common sense refers to the state of the mind when an animate being does not necessarily get a response from external senses; however, it understands and perceives certain intentions based on internal judgment. The...
According to St. Thomas, appetitive power refers to a natural tendency or an inclination toward certain entities. St. Thomas particularly emphasizes that appetite power is primarily found in things that have the knowledge and is passive in their nature; thus, it is moved by the entity perceived.
I developed in a home that taught me to keep sacred items such as the Bible, holy water, rosary, and sacramental practices. They are vital for spiritual well-being. For example, the Bible contains God’s word, which holds the most religious significance as it guides, reproaches, and rebukes sinful behaviors. I...
Claim 1 Joshua spoke to the Lord. Joshua spoke to the Lord on the day when the Amorites arrived in Israel.The stated premise implies that Joshua spoke to the Lord, and in the sight of Israel, he asked the Sun to stand still upon Gibeon and the Moon to stand...
From a biblical perspective, the world can be explained as more complex and constantly changing. The Bible encourages planning to adapt to external transformation: “Put your outdoor work in order and get your fields ready; after that, build your house.” People need to embrace change, not resist it, which is...
Islamic and Judaic teaching opposes the performance of autopsies and interference of the body in any. Muslims are required to bury their dead as soon as possible after learning of the person’s death. The Hindu custom is to cremate the bodies of the dead. Most Christian sects are not opposed...
Reincarnation is a concept that implies that a person lives more than once and can be reborn in a new form. This concept supports the caste system and helps explain the situation when someone occupies a higher position in society, explaining this through merit in past lives.
Karma is a concept that suggests that a person’s behavior can influence his future life after reincarnation. A person has a soul, and it is transferred to the next body after rebirth. If a person behaves well, then he will be reborn in good shape and will be able to...
Brahman is the universal and eternal entity that cannot be explained and is considered to be beyond recognition. This idea means that all beings are connected to each other and to the entity and that Brahman is present everywhere.
Atman is the Self that every being has; since rebirth is perceived in Hinduism as endless suffering and the end of rebirth is liberation, the realization of atman leads to freedom. One can achieve liberation by identifying with Brahman, which requires meditation and reflection on religious issues.
Both parts of the book of Hosea are imbued with the same idea, around which all the Prophet’s speeches revolve. The starting point of the sermon for the Prophet is the idea of the marriage union of the people of Israel with Jehovah. From the point of view of this...
Siddhartha founded the region in the early 6th century, and some of his thinking when he came up with this region were: Nothing is lost in the universe. Siddhartha thought that life is a cycle, and nothing gets lost. e.g. The matter turns into energy, and in the long run,...
People invest psychologically in seeking out relationships and mates because doing so and establishing marital unions is part of the Lord’s directions and plans. In Genesis 2:22, it is revealed that God “made a woman from the rib and brought her to the man.” From this passage, women and men...
The philosophy of social gospel was concerned with the Christian principles to social problems. It was the belief that emphasized the importance of people’s social conditions. Fundamentalism, however, has emerged as a reaction to liberalizing trends in American Protestantism. Moreover, the Social Gospel movement also became a symbol of the...
Exclusivism suggests that a single religion has a unique, or exclusive, claim to what constitutes the absolute truth and that, by extension, truth is not found in other religious traditions. Inclusivism claims that although the truth can only be found in a particular religious tradition, other religions are acknowledged and...
Besides the Roman gods, other religious beliefs of the Roman Empire include a robust habit of merging gods from varying cultures. For instance, Mithras was later associated with the indomitable Roman sun spirit, Sol Invictus. Additionally, that combined god was occasionally positioned in the middle of Roman conviction as if...
Monotheism existed in Palestine among the Jews where Jesus was born. Scholars approximate that Jesus existed from around four B.C.E. to 30 C.E. Jesus’ lessons particularly attracted the Jews who had partially integrated into the Greek language societies of Syria. The scriptures were printed in Greek instead of Aramaic, the...
Jesus came to be called “Christ” because his supporters thought he was the anointed son of King David, whom few Jews thought would reestablish the poverties of Israel. “Christ” is a name that originated from the Greek name Christos, which interprets the Hebrew word, Messiah, denoting “the anointed one.”
The importance of Paul from Anatolia is spreading Christianity amongst non-Jews. While addressing his message to Rome, Anatolia, Macedonia, and Greece, Paul recognized various Christian societies through the Eastern Roman Territory. The Roman transportation and communication network that linked the far-flung cultures of the kingdom greatly enabled Paul’s evangelist activities.
The Romans persecuted Christians because they rejected respect for other deities and made close-knit societies; the first Christians grew separately from others in civilization. The growth made them an easier target for oppression by the ruling classes; the Romans were primarily lenient of external religions.
Monotheism, or the belief in one God, is a fundamental principle in Judaism. God is omnipotent, holy, and sacred – these are the qualities of divine transcendence. God is also benevolent, and as he walks among people, he sees and hears everything. Another part of the Jewish creed is that...
There were five groups of Jews during the time when Jesus lived. They were Sadducees, Pharisees, Essenes, Zealots, and People of the Land. Sadducees were from the rich social-economic layer of Jews, and they were leaders of the Temple. They were responsible for financing the Temple and had the closest...
Religions originated as a sociological and cultural response to the needs for meaning and belonging. Most of them grew from human curiosity and attempted to understand the way of life around us, from the change of seasons to the cycle of life and death. The differences between various religions are...
Jewish people were in Egypt for a long time, but their population increased so much that the Pharaoh was forced to become slaves because he was scared of being overthrown. His fear of losing his title reached its peak when he ordered that all first-born male children of Israelites must...
Jesus Christ is a son of God, and he is a religious leader of Christianity. He is considered to be the incarnation of God. He and his followers spread Christianity among Jewish people; however, he was crucified for the sins of humanity. He became the central figure of the Christian...
The most important prophets in Judaism are Abraham, and Moses; however, there were others. They were the ones who spoke to God directly, and then they spread his word around. They were helping kings not to obey their power and listen to the voice of God. Even now, the work...
Abraham is a patriarch of Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Abraham lived in Ur of Mesopotamia, which is modern-day Iraq, around 2000 BCE. His father, Terah, owned an idol shop, where Abraham helped him with work. Abraham is considered to be the first person to teach monotheism – the...
Moses lived after about one thousand years after Abraham, and he was the leader of Jews living as slaves in Egypt. Through God, Moses helped Jews to escape slavery and led them to the new land Canaan (the same land promised to Abraham’s descendants). The major Jewish holiday Passover is...
God required Jews to follow the rules of the Torah, most importantly, the first Ten Commandments. He wanted people to do what is right, always seek justice, and be compassionate. Every Jewish person had to follow the teaching strictly, as they formed the whole lifestyle of Judaism, including moral, legal,...
The question of authorship for scripture is one of the most difficult in the entirety of religious studies. Generally, it is unlikely for a scripture of most modern religions to be perceived as the writing of a God themselves. In Christianity and Judaism, scriptures are collections of writings made by...
In this context, the word canon refers to an authoritative scripture that is considered “the” holy text, with a grounded superiority claim over the other scriptures. The need for these arises in cases where major scriptures are collections of works by multiple authors, giving room to contradictions and conflicting validity...
Scripture is sacred writing that embodies the assumptions and beliefs of a religious group on certain topic or topics and is therefore instrumental for the understanding of said religion. The scripture is assessed by religious scholars based on its authorship, transmission, authority, genre, definition, composition, canon, interpretation, and role. All...
For a beholder of religious beliefs, core values are tied to the fundamental truths understood from sacred religious texts and teachings. This is the main difference between the way a religious person maintains their core values and the way an atheist does. For example, a Christian’s core value of not...
Religions are difficult to define, as in attempts to do so, many struggles to separate the concepts of religion, as a social and cultural construct, and the sense of faith. Faith is a sense of internal trust and conviction to something or someone that a beholder perceives as being beyond...
Origin stories are religious explanations and versions of the creation of the world, the life in said world, and God’s role in said creation. Most often, these stories are found in the sacred religious texts, often in the earlier parts of said texts. People often use origin stories to contextualize...
Myths are religious explanations provided to a specific event, or group of events, that provide context and meaning to it. Origin stories are myths since these provide explanations and a certain account of events for the creation and beginning of life. Tying these, again, to the human quest for meaning,...
In a religious context, truth claims are fundamental beliefs related to the nature of God and God’s creation, the main lines alongside which a religion develops itself. These claims naturally differ between various religions and have been a subject of debates and even wars for many centuries. Truth claims can...
Jesus was born around 4 BCE and was raised according to Judaism laws. He was raised in the poor region of Nazareth, a city close to Jerusalem. Political and religious power was concentrated in Jerusalem, the center of Judaist religious practices because it has the Temple. Jesus was dissatisfied with...
Jesus’s popularity was increasing with his teachings, and many people were not pleased. Jesus did not want to obey all Judaism laws, including the most sacred ones, such as the Sabbath. Some Jewish groups wanted to control Jesus and his followers to keep the current political party in power, and...
Despite that Jesus’ crucifixion was unjust, Christians believe that his suffering has meaning because this way, he repented for all sins of humanity. Jesus is a son of God, so he knew that his death was going to happen. Jesus’ entire purpose of coming to people was not only to...
Jesus’ resurrection is the act of proclaiming God’s power. Jesus came back to life after three days after he was crucified. On Sunday, his followers came to see his tomb where he was buried, and they found the tomb empty. Jesus’ resurrection also symbolized that there is life after death....
Christianity was formed as an independent religion about thirty or forty years after Jesus’ death by his disciples. They promoted Jesus’ name in synagogues; however, it did not last long because some Jews did not accept Jesus as a prophet. Synagogues forbade mentions of Jesus, and Jesus’ followers have to...
Remarkably, the first theme of the Persian religion is purity. The religion focuses on how a person should lead a righteous life and should keep themselves pure. It is a faith that has been passed on to Judaism and then to Christianity over time. Zoroastrianism teaches that a person should...
Ways that people might use to discover their purpose in life are reading the Bible, knowing about their gifts, reflecting on circumstances, praying to God, listening to spiritual people, and worshipping God. Reading the Bible reveals insights into God’s plans for humanity and individual roles in society. Knowing about gifts...
According to Matthew 5:21-24, which points to the fact that murder is a sin, the principle of non-maleficence makes the basis of His teaching. Jesus inspired people to accept each other and live in peace. The extract in question makes it clear that any form of violence, be it aimed...
Accepting death will undoubtedly mean that we will have a better life since when humans learn that death is inevitable, they will be at peace with themselves. People will be bound to appreciate different things in life, knowing the impermanence of it all. Moreover, individuals will be grateful for the...
Levine explored five major experiences in 36 cities in the US. First, would a passing pedestrian collect a pen that has been unconsciously dropped? Second, would anyone offer assistance to a man with an injured leg trying to pick up a magazine from the ground? Third, would anyone assist a...
The parable of the Good Samaritan given by Jesus in Luke 10: 25-37 is relevant to modern times. People avoided the injured man, and only a despised Samaritan offered help. The moral of the story is that people should help others, even though they do not know them. Today’s cities...
The mastery and purpose of Jesus’ ministry are revealed in Mark 2:1-12, where he states openly that he is capable of forgiving a man’s sins. Although some people viewed this action as blasphemy at the time, it, in fact, manifests the divine origin and the purpose of Jesus’ stay on...
My experience with a period of suffering occurred when both my parents became victims of identity theft. Consequently, most of my family’s finances remained frozen until the case was finally resolved. During this period, we experienced a lot of suffering because we had to adjust to our financial misfortunes. My...
Evil and suffering are basic realities in everyday life. Human beings witness suffering within themselves and others, and this serves as proof that evil exists in this world. Evil and suffering do not discriminate whether a person is “rich or poor, young or old.” The problem of evil and suffering...
My response to my friend would be that our losses in this life translate to gains in the next one. Consequently, the suffering that we experience in this life prepares us for triumph just as it did in Jesus’ case. Apostle Paul also tells Christians that there is “no condemnation...
Without critical thinking, a person can adopt a simplistic view that ‘good’ belongs to God and ‘evil’ belongs to satanic forces. Consequently, individuals should be able to circumnavigate through “suffering and experiential obstacles and understand where God is in all of it.” Absolutes might not adequately explain the causes and...
Religion has and continues to be a major cause of violence in the world. In medieval ages, the most expansive wars were the Crusades which were carried out by the Christian army in an attempt to reclaim the Holy Land from the Muslims. These Crusades were destructive and they led...
Moral relativism supporters affirm it is not right for someone to interfere in the ethical lives and choices of others. The vast majority perceive that ethical choices are individual, and it is challenging to comprehend someone else’s circumstances. Christians’ view that morals ought to be grounded in total standards of...
God savors the experience of his own ethical character, which is especially acceptable, perpetual, and interminable. His ethical principles for individuals stream from his ethical character, and accordingly, they apply to all individuals altogether societies for the entirety of history. God planned that compliance with him would not be difficult;...
Christians should explain how one’s actions and decisions influence the lives of others. Being ignorant of the unfair treatment of others or even supporting those who harm others will only build an indifference as no one cares about each other. In a society where a person knows that there is...
Personally, I believe that, apart from being a part of the Holy Trinity, Jesus Christ is the manifestation of hope for humankind and the embodiment of salvation for people all over the world and across time. Jesus is the symbol of the chance for atonement that people received, as His...
Christianity has been associated with absolute exclusivism. This is the case because many Christians believe that their religion is the right one. Many analysts have used various Biblical verses to support their arguments. A good example is John 14:6. This verse states clearly that Jesus Christ is the only way...
The quote by Pope John Paul II gives a succinct analysis of human reason and faith. The church leader describes how human beings use reason and faith in an attempt to know the truth. That being the case, people should use the power of reason to know God and eventually...
The Christian worldview response to the problem of evil is that suffering serves a definite purpose in people’s lives. Sharpe poses “how could humans become complete persons who might reflect God’s good character and even look like Jesus in their purity, goodness, and love?” First, evil and suffering call Christians...
Some of the underlying purposes that Christians derived from the Bible are worshiping God, loving neighbors, and obeying commandments. The purpose of worshiping God is evident from the lecture as Psalms 37:4 beseech Christians to glorify God so that they can receive the desires of their hearts. From the lecture,...
Ramifications of living without purpose are the lack of values, unachieved dreams, indulgence, apostasy, and death. People who live without purpose do not have values to cherish and uphold in society for life has no meaning. People with purpose understand their dreams, and they dedicate their lives to achieving them;...
There are some similarities and differences between the Hindu notion of Brahman and the Daoist notion of Dao. Dao and Brahman are similar in that both of them are indescribably and nameless. They both manifest themselves to man in many ways and can be identifiable with many and all things...
The delivery of a sermon often defines the effect that it produces on its intended audience. Therefore, when mismatching the delivery of the speech to the message that the sermon is expected to convey, one is likely to fail to make the intended impression. For this reason, considering the main...
Preaching might seem to be a rather flexible concept to a side observer, yet, in fact, it needs to be structured accordingly to make the intended impression and stir emotions in the audience. Therefore, several key elements of the narrative preaching need to be identified in order to make the...
In search of spirituality, people have undertaken multiple attempts at embracing the true nature of the subject matter and gaining the insights that will correspond to truly epic experiences. However, for this purpose, an entirely different approach toward the spiritual perception of the environment and its processes is required. In...
The text offers quite a lot of information that sheds light on the nature of humankind, as well as on people’s ability to cast fears aside. The text introduces several positive and negative facts to its readers, allowing them to draw conclusions concerning their ability to dissect their fears and...
To have a clear idea of how the problem of managing fear can be preached to people, on ends to become devoid of fear oneself. Engaging with the text, as a leader, I can hear the plight to be heard uttered by those that do not have a voice in...
Addressing the idea of living without fears as the only path that a Christian can take in their spiritual growth, one will also recognize the need to carve the script of the sermon in a way that indicates the direction for the future development of the audience. The text in...
Having been translated and reinterpreted quite a number of times, the Bible may reveal rather unexpected information after several versions of translations are compared. Since the original text, written in a language that has been dead for centuries, already represents a combination of symbolism and metaphors, introducing its original sense...
In order to convey the importance of casting fears aside and standing for what one believes in, one should be able to connect the core concepts in a system of beliefs that provide the support for the main argument. To establish the principles outlined in the passage above, one will...
To reach the emotional core of one’s Christian beliefs, it is paramount to engage in the religious practice of praying with a focus on introspection. Thus, the required outcome of the personal change will be observed. After reading the text in question and using prayer as the method of gaining...
Overall, the text in question challenges the prevailing culture by criticizing the idea of fear as a means of retaining caution and resorting to hypocrisy as opposed to maintaining one’s beliefs and keeping one’s integrity. Although the text in question emerged more than 2,000 years ago, it has miraculously retained...