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The establishment of a territorial empire in the Americas by the Spanish was caused by the response of the Amerindian peoples. Their small tribes could not support each other and their isolation from other continents made the Amerindians susceptible to a more aggressive Spanish approach (Bulliet et al., p. 406)....
Portuguese explorers traveled to African and Asian lands in order to establish trading relationships. Nations from both parts of the world had different reactions to the newcomers. In Africa, the majority of regions perceived the Portuguese as allies and valuable partners as the latter had a major interest in various...
Slavery was considered a sign of economic prosperity for some people and the outcome of it for others. With the weather being warm and natural resources being abundant in tropical regions, many merchants and rulers were able to accumulate more wealth than other residents. This disparity resulted in workers being...
The transmission of the bubonic plague was supported mainly by the lack of hygiene in European cities. Many sources of infection such as fleas, rats, and cattle lived in urban areas, which left the majority of the population helpless to stop the spread of the disease (Bulliet et al., p....
Upon conquering major parts of Asia and Europe, the Mongols established various practices that had to be followed by their future territories. They used their strategic advantages to take over regions but allowed the acquired areas to retain some authority over minor decisions. Thus, local rulers did not suppress technology...
The fate of women in East Asia was strongly affected by religions that were widespread in the region. For instance, in China, Confucianism placed the role of rulers on men, dismissing and vilifying powerful women. On the other hand, Buddhism allowed and encouraged females to engage in political careers. Thus,...
Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire changed in different ways with time. The former region became fragmented under the influence of various settlers and travelers, while the empire tried to maintain its unity. Therefore, in Western Europe, the power of the papacy started to decrease because each ruler brought some...
Exchanges of goods and communication between different nations changed the way they saw each other. Trade routes supplied not only materials but also knowledge, thus carrying new beliefs and traditions across borders. The Silk Road was used by missionary travelers who ventured to new lands in order to promote their...
When trade was integrated into people’s lives and the Silk Road’s importance increased, nations started to exchange ideas with each other. Thus, the innovation of technology followed this process as a result. For example, an invention by the Kushan people, stirrup, was used by warriors and knights in Europe and...
The essay in question dwells upon the roles played by women in the United States in the 1950s with the focus on their business opportunities. One of the features of the 1950s-1960s was the development of family values that established quite strict gender roles (May, 2017b). Women were confined to...
The Cold War had a considerable impact on the American culture. First, it shaped or rather established new gender roles (May, 2017b). Instead of seeking employment and pursuing careers, which was common in the war period, females were encouraged to remain at home. They chose family life to let war...
The primary reason for the beginning of the Cold War was the clash between Communism and Capitalism (May, 2017a). The USA was a Capitalist country that valued people’s civil rights, free market, and private property. However, the USSR was the country that followed a Communist doctrine that was quite the...
If I were to choose an alternative name for Roaring Twenties, I would call them Consumerist Twenties. My reasoning for such a choice is simple – during the period of 1920-1929, America had undertaken a shift from producer-driven to a consumer-driven economy (Moore 5). Although the abundance of new goods...
Officially, the First World War started after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand at the hands of Serbian radicals in June 1914. However, the conflict was brooding for a long while, as various territorial, political, and economic conflicts between the Triple Entente (Russia, Britain, France) and the Triple Alliance (Germany,...
a. The case against Socrates, the great Greek philosopher, was instituted for a number of reasons. The charge contained three points – the godlessness of the thinker, the introduction of some new deities (the famous demon of Socrates, his inner voice), and the corruption of specific ideas among the youth...
Ho mentioned several crimes committed by the French including imprisonment, murder, impoverishment, illegal taxes, conflicts, and exploitation (“Declaration of independence,” 2018). The most severe crimes that warranted Vietnam’s freedom include the enforcement of inhumane laws, denial of liberty, and oppression. The French had implemented several laws that were aimed at...
Ho was referring to certain sections contained in the United States and French Declaration of Independence documents which proclaimed that all people were born free and with equal rights, and so, they ought to enjoy freedom and equality. He acknowledged self-determination and equality as principles that supported Vietnamese independence (“Declaration...
During World War 2, territorial conflicts between Japan and France spilled into Vietnam and the Vietnamese Republic suffered immensely. The Vichy French took control of Vietnam after France surrendered to Germany. They gave Japan permission to station 30,000 troops in Vietnam, thus making it the largest center for military operations...
American history saw several instances of similar hysteria after McCarthyism, both political and social “witch-hunts” occurred. The fear of Communism persisted, repeating several times throughout the 20th century, including the Cuban Missile Crisis, albeit not close to the scale of McCarthyism. There were notable instances of such treatment against certain...
The anti-Communist sentiments were valid, but to an extent, and did not justify the level of hysteria and paranoia inspired by McCarthy. The Soviet Union did engage in propaganda, espionage, and financial support of Communist groups, as did the United States in response to democratic institutions inside the Soviet Union....
In the months leading up to the McCarthy speech, America’s foreign policy on anti-communism has been failing, as China experienced its Communist revolution while the Soviet Union gained significant military power by acquiring the atomic bomb, supposedly through the use of espionage. McCarthy’s accusations, particularly against the State Department, were...
In his speech, McCarthy makes numerous, largely negative references towards Communist states. At first, he refers to states adopting Communism as lacking morality, as the political ideology denies any presence of religion or philosophy which may provide moral ground while allowing the government to act viciously to maintain control without...
CRM has undeniably led to the enhancement of diversity within and outside the USA. For example, immigration laws have been transformed, and now, people of varied backgrounds can settle or travel in the States. Additionally, the political representation of minorities is assured. Today, many people of color possess voting rights...
When Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his stirring “I Have a Dream” speech, he addressed problems faced by blacks in those days, mainly, homelessness, unemployment, voting rights, and racial disparities. Even almost six decades after the proclamation, the majority of the issues in the African-American community have remained unsolved. The...
With rapid technological advancement and the spread of social media across the world, the new generation of Americans invented new ways to fight injustice. A brand-new world in every citizen’s hands, the Internet, has become a platform for starting revolutions. As stated by Harris, “Today, social media — particularly Twitter...
The 1964 Civil Rights Act paved the way for gaining civil rights not only by African-Americans but also by other minority groups, including representatives of different racial backgrounds, women, immigrants, transgender, and disabled people. Often affected by the Civil Rights Act was the adoption of educational policies that promoted equality...
More than six decades have passed since the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement (CRM), which was a struggle to enact constitutional and legal rights for African Americans. The movement made its greatest legislative achievements in the mid-1960s, following years of mass demonstrations happening from the mid-1950s to 1968. The...
Apart from racial inequality, there are many other social issues in the USA that demand consideration. If the Civil Rights movement were in motion in present-day America, it could affect various forms of diversity. For instance, sexual minority groups could fight for their rights as Blacks fought for theirs back...
The ideas of the 1960s still have relevance in modern society. The most evident proof is the emergence of new movements every few decades. Although the Civil Rights movement was a good start, it did not manage to eliminate all prejudice and racism in the country. The Black Lives Matter...
It is highly unlikely that the tactics and strategies used by civil rights activists in the 1960s might be applied to today’s racial and ethnic conflicts. They played a major role half a century ago, but it is doubtful that those approaches could be of any use at present. The...
The effect of the Civil Rights Acts on minority groups across the continent was outstanding. African-Americans living in various parts of the USA stood up to defend their rights, spoke up to express their opinions, and united not only physically but also spiritually to proclaim their rights and freedoms. Blacks...
The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was one of the most prominent struggles for gaining social justice in the history of the USA. Those involved in the movement aimed for equal rights for Blacks and Whites living in all states. The Civil War, which had been fought almost a...
The Civil Rights Movement could contribute to contemporary society by promoting diversity and justice that are based on dignity and conscientious principles. White communities, African-American settlements, Hispanic groups, and other social clusters are all generally separate. This separation may open opportunities for unequal access to resources and education. The Civil...
Despite the Civil Rights Movement dating back to the last century, its ideas are still relevant today. African-Americans and other racial minorities still experience educational disparities today because of the opportunity gaps. Unequal treatment of students results in African-American youth pushing themselves into criminal acts. Diversity is also struggling today...
The Civil Rights Movement is known not only for its contributions by also for its pacific and nonviolent methods. African-Americans did not involve themselves in violent acts because they believed that it is not an adequate solution. Instead, the movement progressed through public debates, famous speeches, and argumentative conversations. One...
The most vital contribution of the Civil Rights Movement is the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In July 1964, after months of fierce debate in both houses of Congress, the Civil Rights Act finally came up as the law proposed by President Kennedy. This law is one of the most...
In the twelve years of nonviolent fights, the Civil Rights Movement has achieved an end to racial discrimination in various fields. This movement aroused a sense of self-esteem, pride, and self-confidence in black Americans. It also contributed to the achievement of mutual understanding between white and black U.S. citizens. The...
The reconstruction plan that Lincoln had was focused on ensuring fair practices, one example of this was his opposition to the idea of sending politicians from the North to govern in the South. Union and loyalty were the central elements of his plan and as opposed to how the reconstruction...
In my opinion, the construction of railroads unified the nation as it created an important precedent for industry development, which contributed to the overall economic growth of the United States. The most important contribution of this construction was the provision of new opportunities for economic development and settlement of the...
The complex issue of slavery origins can be reviewed from different perspectives, although the problem of race discrimination always arises as part of the debate. According to Roberts, the first African people brought to the Americas worked on plantations together with native Americans and white convicts. The labor relationships were...
The resolutions presented in the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments provide an understanding that equal rights for life, liberty, and happiness were the early goal of the Women’s Rights Movement. This document cites the need to have more women representatives in the government and a change in legal regulations relating...
In my opinion, President Jackson deserves his position in history because, through his actions and decisions, he promoted progressive reforms for the state. President Jackson perceived the need to establish a more democratic society in the United States. For example, under his presidency, the right to vote, an essential element...
The Cold war was evidently one of the more challenging periods in American history. Causing a steep increase in the extent of tension within the American society, the Cold War created a very hostile environment for American residents. However, from the perspective of the developing notion of freedom, the specified...
The introduction of a new perspective on the subject of interracial and cross-cultural relationships altered during World War II significantly, Roosevelt’s reconsideration of the principles of freedom being one of the major forces behind the observed change. During WWII, the treatment of ethnic minorities in the U.S., including Indians, Mexican-Americans,...
One may say that one beneficial “fiction” created by people is human rights. They guarantee people the means that are needed to satisfy their basic needs, such as access to medicine, education, food, water, and shelter. This “fiction” provides fairness and equality in society, treating every person with dignity and...
The investigation proved the inadmissibility of the lack of technical means blocking the possibility of control rods unauthorized extraction.
Richard McKinley, John Byrness, and Richard Legg were three-night shift employees on the day of the explosion at the reactor, and all the three died. Ed Vallario was a health physicist who was also in the station maintenance team, and he was one of the first to arrive at the...
The reason for the explosion of the reactor in 1961 was an intense increase in power, which led to additional energy release and explosive vaporization.
The reactor built in 1949 was a station whose activities were aimed at controlled nuclear fission for power generation, and its work was associated with both civilian and military purposes. The abbreviation “SL-1” is decoded as “Stationary Low-Power Reactor Unit 1,” the reactor that is unique in its aims and...
Being a response to the Great Depression and its challenges on the surface, the New Deal, in fact, allowed redefining the relationships between different ethnic groups and social classes within American society, creating premises for possible reconciliation. The New Deal can be considered a groundbreaking change in the dynamics of...
Having become the most notorious and devastating economic recession that the United States has ever had to face, the Great Depression was defined by a range of factors, most of them having a distinctively economic nature. The collapse of the stock market and the immediate deterioration of the American market...
I believe that the main reason for building the Dome of the Rock was that Abd al-Malik’s supporters needed a religious point where they could praise him while he was fighting a civil war. It is necessary to mention that the Dome of the Rock was the first Islamic building...
Throughout his life, Henry Clay strove to strengthen the American state. His program, as reported in the text of the official report of 1832, was accepted by many Americans as unconstitutional due to harsh and unconventional ideas. Clay made protectionist tariffs the central point of his economic system, which, as...
The removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River violated the principles found in the Declaration of Independence. The first principle assumes that all people are equal, but President Jackson’s speech and the ensuing series of Trail of Tears show that Native Americans were not equal to...
President Jackson’s actions towards Native Americans in the context of his First Inaugural Address are similar to the path of events during the Trail of Tears. In essence, in his address, the president was telling the natives that they would be forced out of their lands whether they liked it...
The responsibilities given to the President under the Act included negotiating with Native American tribes to cede their ancestral lands on the southeastern side of the US to the west of the Mississippi River. Whites would then be allowed to settle on the surrendered lands to advance civilization. The president...
When signing the Indian Removal Act, President Jackson used several arguments to justify the removal of the Native Americans from their ancestral lands. First, he argued that the relocation would allow whites, whom he referred to as “a dense and civilized population,” to occupy extensive parcels of land, thus fortifying...
The removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River was a direct violation of the principles of freedom found in the Declaration of Independence. According to the Declaration, God “hath made of one blood all nations of men to dwell on all the face of the earth”...
President Jackson’s actions toward Native Americans in the context of his first inaugural address and during the Trail of Tears were quite different. In his inaugural speech, the President promised to give “humane and considerate attention” to their rights. He also stated that he would treat Indians with liberal policies....
The President was entitled to several major responsibilities under the Indian Removal Act. First of all, he was supposed to arrange the removal in a peaceful manner so that none of the people involved would feel pressured to leave their homes. It is necessary to note that President Jackson failed...
The rationale used by President Jackson in the removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River contained several aspects. First of all, the President explained his intention by the lengthy history of coming to a resolution in the mentioned question. Hence, President Jackson was satisfied that the...
The women’s rights movement could gain momentum from the antislavery movement because the former could rely on the arguments used in favor of the latter. Namely, women were able to claim the same declarations made by abolitionists considering equal rights for all individuals. Also, women’s rights activists could resort to...
The gag rule, or gag resolution, had a considerable negative effect on the abolitionist movement. According to this rule, all slavery-related questions were automatically directed to the House. Many Congressmen considered the rule to be an “anathema” to the USA’s democratic principles. The advocates of the gag rule claimed that...
Abolitionists used the Declaration of Independence as the foundation of antislavery and abolitionist thought. The activists of the antislavery movement advocated for people’s rights and freedoms, claiming that the latter was proclaimed in and guaranteed by the Declaration of Independence. Specifically, referring to the Declaration of Independence, abolitionists mentioned that...
Abolitionists were responsible reformers rather than irresponsible agitators due to the mission and vision they pursued. First of all, abolitionists’ methods were not cruel but, instead, they were composed of “the opposition of moral purity to moral corruption.” The activists planned to oppose slavery by “the spirit of repentance,” which...
World War I is an incredibly difficult period for every country involved, the United States not being an exception to this observation. Being a member of the global community and having established contact with other states, the U.S. government faces a difficult choice. On the one hand, the political and...
The Progressive Movement of the 1920s represented a massive change in the levels of political activism among American citizens and the overall attitude toward the course that the U.S. government was taking at the time. In the “era of the massive explosive growth,” the public discontent with the choices made...
The distribution of power, including economic and political types, has been quite uneven in the foundational years of America’s democratic development. Due to the persistence of prejudices that encompassed the entire spectrum of biases, ranging from the race- to gender-associated false assumptions, a very slim category of American citizens could...
John Brown believes that he was following God’s will when trying to free slaves from Harpers Ferry. Due to this, Brown thinks that his failure is only “seeming.” Justice will be established because it is the will of God, and he, Brown, is only a weapon in the hands of...
When speaking to the court, John Brown states that his aim was to take slaves from Harpers Ferry to the lands where they can become free. Brown insists that he did not plan to murder anyone at Harpers Ferry or encourage slaves to start a riot. The defendant then argues...
By saying that southerners are the only friends of black people, Fitzhugh once again stresses that slavery is the best option for them. Those who want to free them actually do not think about the consequences of this for slaves. Fitzhugh believes that they can only exist under the supervision...
In his discourse about slavery, George Fitzhugh points out that black people largely benefit from being enslaved. According to the author, being a slave in the US is far better than in an African tribe because people there are more cruel and violent. Thus, African slaves become more civilized, cultured,...
In his speech, Frederick Douglas claims that he sees Independence Day as the day of great injustice because only white people have rights and liberties in the US. He believes that the Declaration of Independence is fiction, as its principles do not apply to black people. Douglas blames Americans for...
The ideas of the 1960s remain relevant for the present day. The country and its citizens have made significant progress in combating racial and ethnic discrimination; nevertheless, the aftermath of decades of oppression may still be observed in society. Minorities are experiencing issues with equal access to services, and police...
The Civil Rights Movement did have a significant impact on the lives of people and that of the entire nation. It is important to stress that these changes came at an expensive cost for the leaders and activists. After years of oppression and inequality, people felt empowered to change the...
People who crossed the Atlantic in the seventeenth century were inspired by the idea of starting a brand-new life, regardless of their past. Moving to America was a chance for them to escape poverty caused by the unstable economic situation in England at that time. A vast land full of...
Mabou Mines is a famous experimental theatre “generating original works and re-imagined adaptations of classics.” A group of artists – David Warrilow, Lee Breuer, Ruth Maleczech, JoAnne Akalaitis, and Philip Glass – established this company in 1970 and created the first piece, “Red Horse Animation.” Since then, they have produced...
The Precambrian Era is not split into as many stages as the Phanerozoic epoch because the information regarding the tectonic activity on the specified time slot is extremely poor and scanty. While with the Phanerozoic Era, the changes occurring in the Earth tectonics were obvious, the alterations occurring in the...
The Cambrian Period took place ca. 540 to 485 million years ago.The Paleoarchean Era occurred 3,6–3,2 billion years ago.The Phanerozoic Period, in its turn, refers to the most recent period of the world evolution – it started 541 million years ago and ended approximately at 1 A.D.Finally, the Eocene epoch...
James Ussher was a famous Irish scholar who contributed to the evolution of science considerably by suggesting a date of the world creation. Claiming that the world was made in 4004 B.C., therefore, spurring the development of uniformitarianism in geology.
The actions of Saddam demonstrate a lack of concern to important inhabitants and conservations of such precious assets of a country. As for me, the actions that happened, though unfortunate, should not happen in any country again. Therefore, the video acts as a point of reference to all the countries...
Early Greeks believed that the Earth was spherical and was positioned at the center of the Universe, with seven wanderers (the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) orbiting around it. Ptolemy accounted for the motions of the celestial bodies in his Ptolemaic system model, which placed the...
The state in ancient India was governed by the king. This kingship was a practice guided by many rules. The king was considered as a servant of the people and not a person out to achieve his own interests. To ensure that such a king only acted to the interests...
Urbanization has been viewed as an important contributor in transforming both social and political aspects state of society. The first instance of urbanization in ancient India began between 2800 BC and 1800 BC, which is commonly known as Indus Valley Civilization. The social effect of this urbanization is that it...
President Arthur had a favorable attitude towards Indians. Notably, at the time of his presidency, such views reigned in American society. People were inclined to treat Indians in a better way. The President was quite consistent and wished to return some lands to Indians. However, he did not manage to...
It is quite difficult to identify the perspective from which the Battle of the Little Bighorn is discussed as it is discussed in quite neutral terms. However, it is possible to state that there is certain empathy with Indians. Thus, the Battle of Little Bighorn is discussed from the perspective...
During President Arthur’s government, Native American conflicts with the whites were subsiding. More individuals were beginning to realize the need to safeguard the Native Americans’ rights. In the year 1884, President Arthur asserted that the Native Americans’ education funding was supposed to be increased. Equally, the president proposed that individual...
Chief Joseph was a leader of Nez Perce Indians during the late 19th century. In the year 1877, Joseph led his people on the trek from their native home in Oregon to Canada unsuccessfully. Joseph’s speeches and quotes have been published in several historical books and articles. In most of...
Despite the hardships that immigrants faced when coming to the United States, their contributions to the development of the country as it is known today cannot be replaced. The United States is a country that has been built and transformed by successive migration waves from any part of the globe....
The significance of Anthony Johnson in the establishment of differentiation between Black and White people cannot be disputed. Johnson was a free black man who purchased the property in Virginia and was declared legally capable of owning a slave after being freed from servitude himself. The role of Nathaniel Bacon...
The Columbian exchange refers to the process of transferring plants, animals, culture, technologies, diseases, and ideas between the Old World, West Africa, and the Americas throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The process is also associated with the colonization of Northern America by Europeans that followed the voyage made by...
Martin Luther King Jr. was a highly influential persona in the African American civil rights movement, where millions of Black people were unjustly prosecuted for trying to acquire racial equality. He was an expert at delivering the message of non-violent struggle due to his powerful speeches and resilience in fighting...
The main way World War II hindered the freedom struggle was the shift of government focus from internal national affairs towards external conflicts. Both military and political representatives were concerned with the problems of this global battle, which led to the stagnation of the African American civil rights movement. In...
African American freedom struggle was mainly intensified by World War II due to the fact that Black people were forced to battle institutionalized racism and discrimination both at home and in Europe. Although the US needed additional soldiers in order to be victorious in WW2, African American men were often...
Most of the ideas of the Civil Rights Movement do not have much relevance nowadays, as racial, cultural, and gender-based discrimination are considered illegal by the government. King identifies the inability of black people to leave ghettos and their lack of voting rights as significant concerns. However, neither of these...
The Civil Rights Movement succeeded in changing the nation and introducing policies that persist to this day. Most importantly, it ended racial segregation’s basis in law and ensured that people were treated equally regardless of their race, gender, or ethnicity. As such, minorities were no longer oppressed by the state,...
The Civil Rights Movement gained some objectives that improved the lives of African Americans in the United States of America, but some issues are still as relevant today as they were in the 1960s. Minority groups in this country continue to receive discriminatory treatment that hinders them from getting justice,...
Tactics that civil rights crusaders employed in the 1960s would still be effective in modern-day America. For example, nonviolent protests are being used by human rights crusaders to fight for what they feel some individuals are being denied in society. In the contemporary world, governments are recognizing the importance of...
The Civil Rights Acts led to positive impacts across the United States of America pertaining to minority populations. Once the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was signed into law, black Americans and other marginalized groups were not discriminated against based on their color, sex, countries of origin, race, or religion....
Martin Luther King Jr. noted that America could not be a fair nation if Americans and African Americans were treated differently. Following the sustained pressure from blacks in the U.S. agitating for equality, the country changed in several ways concerning how it handled matters of minority groups. This movement resulted...