From experienced academic experts. In any field of study
Diminishing returns is a term used in reference to a reduction in a factor of production and the associated reduction in its marginal production even as the factor in question increases. According to Colander, this statement is true because it reaches a point of efficiency where all factors of production...
Population growth An increment in population translates into a rise in demand for various products and services. This arises from the fact that various individuals have diverse products and service requirements. To ensure that an increment in demand is met, the supply of goods and services has to be sufficient....
According to Pindyck, an increase in prices leads to a decrease in demand for the good. If the rail authority wants to raise, there are two considerations since a change in price has two effects. To start with, there is the price effect. According to the price effect, when the...
This is an index of the level at which the market responds once there is a change in the price of a commodity. Petrol is the most elastic since a change in prices (like an increase) leads to an increase in operating costs for cars. Therefore, sales and demand for...
According to Frank, the demand law holds that when the price of a good increases, there is a resultant reduction in the demanded quantity of the good in question. An upward sloping demand curve can be derived from two hypothetical goods, inferior goods, and Veblen goods or luxury goods. The...
a. More stock bought in Australian companies than US companies makes the value of a dollar appreciate since funds remain within the nation. b. A decrease in the inflation rate in Australia means that more goods in Australia will be demanded as compared to the US. If the dollar can...
Comparative advantage expounds on the capacity of a person or business venture to produce a specific good or service at a reduced cost than a different party. This means that it compares two investment areas and appraises its capability to produce a specified product, in a range of products being...
Australian government managed to avoid recession due to its strong export industry. Its debt and deficits are low compared with other nations in the same rank and order. Australian economic recovery program has made it possible for maximum exploitation of skilled manpower. Infrastructural networks (buildings and roads) and efficient use...
When a country operates under flexible exchange rates, it means that the force of demand and supply takes back the economy to its equilibrium states. An example is where the value of a currency is low due to its minimum demand. The effect of this is that the price of...
If the money supply in an economy increases, interest rates decrease while demand increases. The increase in demand leads to a subsequent rise in output. Since there is more money chasing the same goods, prices will automatically rise. This monetary policy is undertaken when the economic activity is below its...
Inflation and deflation A general increase in prices gives rise to inflation, while a fall in price amounts to deflation in an economy. With deflation, expenditure cannot equate to income at the present price level, paving the way for depression. Expenditure and money multipliers In a study by Sullivan, ‘expenditure...
The paradox of thrift is a technical term derived from Keynes’s definition of savings which was part of the purpose of holding cash. People do not want to spend money and consider otherwise saving it. This proposition states that savings depend on the level of income which cumulatively is determined...
Keynes propounded that the market responds to changes in the market situation automatically so as to reach the equilibrium level. In a study by Markwell, ‘some of the theories used by Keynes to justify their view include the labor market, the multiplier effect, and Keynes inflation theory.’ Keynes supports a...
The equality of income, Y, with expenditure, E, in a two-sector economy follows the reason that all the income from economic activities is spent on expenditure (C, I, or S). It can also be observed that a closed economy cannot export or import but participates in internal activities. The equation...
Effects of the following adjustments on the equilibrium of a macroeconomy: The graph below clearly shows that demand will decrease if the interest rates and credit facilities by financial institutions tighten. A higher rate of interest acts as a disincentive for people to borrow money from banks. This reduces money...
One of the main themes explored throughout Said’s book Culture and Imperialism is the fact that, even though most Western countries had ceased being imperialist, in the geopolitical sense of this word, the legacy of imperialism remains alive and well in the hearts of many Westerners, which explains their arrogant...
There can be little doubt as to the fact that both Memmi and Fanon would have enjoyed reading Abufarha’s book – after all, it promotes the idea that indulging in suicidal violence against Israeli authorities is the legitimate way for Palestinians to deal with oppression: “The targeting of civilians in...
Schumpeter’s theory of imperialism is probably the least applicable when it comes to defying the essence of themes and motifs contained in Abufarha’s book. The reason for this is simple – whereas; Schumpeter’s theory is being concerned with exposing the inner motivations behind the imperialistic expansion, Abufarha’s book is being...
There is a good possibility that Fanon would have replied to Schumpeter and Hobson by referring to them as ‘subtle racists.’ After all, according to both theorists, the phenomenon of White imperialism should be discussed as something rather biologically than economically predetermined, as they talk of it in terms of...
According to Lenin, imperialism is the final stage of capitalism in the sense that imperialism increases the extent of capitalism’s competitiveness against socialism, and consequentially communism. By pursuing the policy of imperialist/colonial expansion, capitalists are able to substantially increase the number of financial assets in their possession, which in its...
The foremost difference between the ideas promoted in Memmi and Fanon’s books is the fact that, unlike what is the case with Memmi, Fanon aims at discussing the phenomenon of national liberation movements within the methodological framework of Marxism. Still, the author deviates rather substantially from Marxist classical outlook onto...
According to Fanon, the application of Western ethics in colonies had always served the purpose of exposing native populations as being essentially unethical, which in its turn legitimized Europe’s colonial policies: “The native is declared insensible to ethics; he represents not only the absence of values but also the negation...
Even the brief analysis of how Arendt and Memmi discuss the relationship between racism and imperialism points out the fact that authors’ ideas, in regards to the discussed subject matter, are being essentially the same. After all, both authors never cease exposing the evilness of imperialism and racism while positioning...
When Memmi talks about colonizers’ strive to legitimize their presence in the colonies, he refers to these people’s intention to prove to the locals that they would not be able to enjoy good quality living on their own after having been liberated of ‘White oppression.’ And, the best way to...
In her book, Arendt establishes rather direct links between imperialism and racism, as she considers the latter being imperialism’s ideological weapon. According to the author, the meaning of the term ‘imperialism’ is essentially synonymous with the meaning of the notion ‘expansion.’ Thus, the proponents of imperialism were naturally predisposed towards...
Apart from manufacturing costs considerations for its assembly plant in China, Timbuk2 should also consider transportation costs for the raw materials into China and finished products to customers, overhead costs, warehousing costs for its raw materials and finished products awaiting onward shipment to customers, and the costs of labor in...
The volume or rate of production is used in operations management to denote the number of units produced in a given period of time or the duration of time needed to produce a particular item. The volume of production is dependent on a wide range of factors that include global...
An organization that desires to excel in the competitive business environment of the 21st century must come up with a sound strategy. In equal measure, such an organization must align its operations strategy with the needs and requirements of its customers to maintain a competitive advantage over its competitors. Simply...
Q= qf (1-f/F)Q=10mmyr (3754)f/FQ=3 yearsMt. Cook is a continental plate boundary.
The magnitude and frequency relationships are important to geosciences because they are used in studying catastrophic events. They evaluate the relative amounts of work done on the landscapes over the long-term by events of all magnitudes. Geologists also conclude that large parts of sediment transportation are performed by events of...
Hydrological impacts due to urbanization have compromised water quality, such as sedimentation, habitat changes, loss of fish, and increased temperatures. Most hydrological impacts are caused by runoff volumes and velocities of trying to urbanize cities, causing major strain to the water streams. Hydrologic impacts on water streams due to increased...
The recent earthquakes and landslides reported in the media recently are said to be a result of geological processes producing significant landscape responses. The recent earthquakes in Haiti and Chile, for instance, have been reported to be a result of Earth’s shifting tectonic plates causing significant land responses. The frequency...
Human-induced activities such as building reservoirs for holding floods and storing water are said to lessened erosion, but geologists do however argue that building artificial reservoirs encourage erosion since the bulk of erosions takes place above dams. Destruction of the forest is also among activities that encourage floods and promote...
The Earth is divided into two parts; the lithosphere (the outer layer) and the asthenosphere. Their differences are depicted in their physical and in the motion of their plates. Lithosphere (Plate margins) Asthenosphere (plate interiors) Forms the outer layer Composed of crust and mantle Composed of melted rocks The...
If the Life Span Developmental Model became widely accepted in society, it would bring about a lot of social changes. First and foremost, if people believed that age did not affect creativity and cognition, they would employ more people advanced in years for all kinds of jobs that are now...
All I know about aging in general and the aging of the brain, in particular, supports the first theory. With aging, reaction time slows down, and intelligence may decline significantly (although there is still a chance that it will be steady for the whole lifespan). It is explained by the...
According to Peak and Decline Model, aging is understood as a loss of creativity as soon as the highest point is reached. On the contrary, Life Span Development Model states that creativity can be developed regardless of aging. Very demonstrative examples can be found in the field of music. For...
a. A switch in the Australian citizens from buying stock in US companies to buying stock in Australian companies will lead to an appreciation of their currency. By purchasing stock in Australian companies, the citizens are improving the performance of the whole economy through increased production and expanded investments, hence...
The two types of trade protection supported by the majority of economists are tariffs and import quotas. A tariff is a form of tax levied on imports or exports by the local government. This tax is not applicable to goods produced locally and is usually determined as a percentage of...
For them to avoid the economic recession that was brought about by the global financial crisis, the Australian government came up with a reaction policy aimed at stimulating the aggregate demand mainly by increasing the levels of expenditure on investment and consumption. This led to an increase in the level...
Flexible exchange rates are self-regulating hence enabling an economy to adjust to the impacts of foreign business cycles and shocks. This eliminates the possibility of developing the balance of payment deficit. Other advantages of the flexible exchange rates in the operation of the economic policy include “the ease of managing...
The effects of a contraction in the money supply on the money market, on the interest rate and on output, employment, and the price level is shown in the figure below. Sm in the figure above is the money supply level as determined by the central bank. Dm, on the...
Unemployment rate and the participation rate One of the major differences between the unemployment rate and participation rate is in their relation to age. Research shows that the unemployment rate is higher among the young people who have recently qualified to join the labor market. The unemployment rate among men...
When people become more inclined to save, their level of consumption goes down in all the income levels. This will lead to a reduction in the equilibrium level of income, as shown below. The paradox thrift implies that a great willingness to save may actually lead to fewer savings. From...
Keynes’s theory of income determination is different from the classical theory in that Keynes believed that the economy’s equilibrium is independent of employment level. Keynes further argued that the negotiations in income between the employers and the employees are usually based on the nominal income rather than real income. This...
Private investment spending is the most variable factor in the economy owing to the fact that it is not affected by government policies. Private investors make their own individual decisions concerning how, when, and what to invest, making private investment decisions different from public investment decisions. Policymakers can, however, try...
a. When the federal government increases the pensions and welfare spending, the aggregate demand function will shift to the right, as shown by AD1 hence increasing the price levels to P1.b. When the consumers and investors lack confidence in the economy, this leads to reduced consumption and investment hence a...
In quantitative research, causality is defined as the relation between an occurrence, the cause, and the consequent occurrence, the effect, in that the effect is as a result of the cause, e.g., the hot summer weather leads to an increase in cream sales. Correlation is the degree of the dependence...
Plagiarism. This involves misrepresenting other peoples’ work as one’s own.Fabrication and falsification of information, e.g., overstating the number of subjects, altering data, and biasness.Non-publication of data. This is suppressing data while ignoring exceptions.Faulty data-gathering procedure, it can occur if machines are faulty, subjects do not adhere to the procedures, or...
The literature review must include current literature as well as historical sources.The objective of the review should be clearly identified.The range of the resources well stated.The independent and dependent variables are to be described, and the model of evaluating their outcome.Breadth and depth of knowledge shown.Organization and framework of the...
In a structured interview, the researcher tries to increase the reliability and validity of observing major theory by using clearly outlined research questions, which are to be observed. Unlike in qualitative research, the aim is to provide a generalization in the formulation of initial study opinions. A structured interview is...
The approach to qualitative research is inductive or deductive. These approaches are used to examine information got from the research, although they are different, and both can lead to false results when the initial base of the reasoning is falsified. The inductive approach engages moving from generalizations to specificities by...
The success of a company highly depends on its management team, and the decisions are taken. Therefore, management brings about success. Although the success of the company can be attributed to the management, it can also be held that it is the internal factors, such as the staff or the...
Multivariate analysis is used to solve complex terms and give a definite answer by using methodological methods such as cluster analysis, discriminate analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The main limitation of multivariate analysis is that it can lead to stall by the dimensionality of the problem. They are also complex...
Qualitative research is criticized due to its generalized characteristics, which a very vague, and consequently, its potential is still underdeveloped. Yin criticizes it and questions “whether the value of qualitative methodology dependence on small samples that are believed to render it incapable of generalizing conclusions.” Yin asserts that general applicability...
The focus group method involves a coordinator directing a small group discussion between selected persons on a specific area of interest, and the group is self-setting, thus prone to obstruction or bias. The researcher has a lesser influence on a group than a face-to-face interview, and a lot of time...
In qualitative research, the approach is less rigid and structural since one is interested more in generalization in the formulation of the initial research perceptions. The researcher needs rich, comprehensive answers. Unlike qualitative research, the researcher needs to come up with answers that can be coded and analyzed easily. In...
It means that the occurrence or correlation of X or Y does not have a causal relationship, but it is assumed they have due to a confounding factor but is resulted from their link with other variables. By being spuriously correlated, X and Y are inferred to have a connection...
Intervals/ratios. This is the measurement between two values whose distances the same.Ordinal variables. The data is ranked in the form of degree but does not ascertain the empirical difference between data limits.Nominal or ‘categorical’ variables. They are for mutually exclusive but not organized categories.Dichotomous variables. These are two mutually exclusive...
I agree with the statement. Interviewing is typical of the unstructured, or the semi-structured since interviewing in quantitative research is different from interviewing in quantitative research. The mode of approach in qualitative research is less rigid and structural. The interviewer puts more emphasis on the interviewees’ perceptions rather than on...
The use of cross-tabulations and scatter plots provides an ambiguous mode of analysis data. These methodologies fail to provide clear details on the procedures and criteria to be used in comprehending data. Scatter plots are just a mathematical representation of a set of data but are not defined or explained...
Quantitative research is defined as a linear series of procedures to prove a theory, but the methodology identified is the ideal type that has a lot of failures. Observations only involve looking for specific indicators. Quantitative research is preoccupied with other issues, such as measurement, causality, generalization, and replication, and...
The major difference between description and analysis is that description is an introduction to a certain issue that is what a particular subject is all about. While analysis, on the other hand, is about what a particular subject is all about and looks into the in-depth factors of that subject...
The main purpose of the literature review is to analyze secondary data critically. It is therefore used by a person to establish a theoretical framework for a given topic by determining the key issues. In addition, one has to understand what the research is about and how it was conducted...
Snowball sampling is a type of sampling method in research commonly referred to as chain referral sampling. Under this method, the informants used by the researcher in carrying out the research usually refer to the researcher to other subjects whom they think may offer vital information towards the research. Thus,...
Triangulation is a process used by the social scientist when carrying out their research to enable them to measure or understand different traits of behaviors in humans which are different from each other. For example, a social researcher may take up research to study the effects of hunger in a...
a. The annual salary is an average sum that is quantitative in nature and thus can be mathematically be analyzed, thus the answers below £10,000 and £50,000 and above, are not complete and do not answer the specified question, unlike the others which give a complete answer. b. This question...
When conducting research, the end results from quantitative and qualitative data are very different. This is due to the type of data and facts in an issue that both types of data tend to focus on. In addition, qualitative research is based upon the characters and behaviors of humans. Hence...
Ethnography research is research that is carried out in the field that is carried by a single researcher whose lifestyle is similar to the subjected on whose the research is bound to investigate. Thus, it is research that is based on the culture of specified people or community; it tends...
The LIKERT scales have equal intervals which can be measured mathematically; hence LIKERT scale is associated with quantitative research issues. It is a psychometric scale that is used in research studies that use questionnaires in its research.
Quantitative research is quite different from qualitative research in a number of ways. In quantitative research, the researcher has a complete and detailed strategy of what he hopes to achieve, and therefore the data collected hopes to achieve this goal. On the other hand, qualitative research is usually not complete...
From the data given, the age of the students would be the variables since variables represent data that cannot be measured empirically. The cases would be the qualification entry requirements to the university since it is the subject matter of the analysis, and unlike the age of the students, it...
Before any type of research commences, a researcher or analyst should have a specific objective in mind in which his research seeks to establish, that is, the facts surrounding the issue or phenomenon. Therefore, one needs to establish a hypothesis that will act as a guideline and strategy for the...
a. I would ensure that considerable action is taken against those indicted for cyberbullying offenses and bar them from holding future accounts and accessing services from the company. I would ensure that personal information is given before an individual is allowed to access the company’s social services. This information should...
Information conversed through MySpace can inflict emotional distress to the users who are victimized by the bullies. Some MySpace users create fake accounts to intimate and bully others; this is inappropriate and is mentally disturbing. MySpace has been used to spread unsocial behaviors rather than the social purpose it was...
MySpace is faced with a cyberbullying issue. Cyberbullying is whereby bullies use the internet to bully or threaten their peers; individuals use social networking sites, such as MySpace, to intimate their victims. The case of Lori Drew. MySpace users are violating its rules that forbid the creation of fake accounts...
I think the Tucson data mining project inappropriately violates the privacy of internet users. The new technology cannot combat terrorism effectively due to the everyday evolution of technology, and many people communicate through pseudonyms or anonymous names, and it can be difficult to find the exact accurate information of an...
a. It is ethically wrong to intrude into people’s private life and morally wrong to tap people’s personal messages. b. The new anti-terrorism technology intrudes into an individual’s private life on the internet and in other places. Innocent people may have their private conversations exposed. Mistakes in interpreting the results...
Among the most desired qualities is professionalism, the consultant should always ensure that he or she observes professionalism. The client-consultant relationship should always remain at professional levels. Managing time efficiently is another skill the consultant should always possess. As a consultant, one should always look for a time, even if...
As a consultant, I would use telephone calls to follow up on how the program is progressing and following a more integrated approach where I would be making calls monthly during the first six months and then go on extending the period between follow-ups until the time I am comfortable...
If the consultee seems to overlook issues of integrity, then as the consultant, I would have to intervene, especially if the consultee ignores the central components of the project. I would use graphing intervention to cross-check all the agreed procedures which are supposed to be followed and ensure that they...
As a consultant, in order to choose the best organizational intervention method, I would first consider the needed facts and then embark on team building. This intervention method is based on the assumption that the fundamental factor in changing individual and organizational behavior is to get people working together in...
As a consultant, one can gather the required information from several sources, which include records, memories, and also events and conditions. Any of these sources may vary either by being internal or external to the organization. Records are usually facts stored in forms that are readable or can be transcribed....
A written formal contract may be required for several reasons. One, it can be a basic requirement where the law requires the signing of a formal contract that has clear guidelines and regulations of what is expected of each party. It is very advisable to always use a formal contract...
Resistance during consultations occurs due to various reasons ranging from consultant ineptness to being a function of the consultee. The major problem of resistance inhibits positive consultations. Sometimes resistance is positive since it gives the consultant the feel about the issue. The positive aspects of resistance are that sometimes it...
During the progress of the project, the nature and the magnitude of the problem can change with other priorities becoming more urgent. The clients’ capabilities and perceptions or better ways of solving the problem can also evolve. Thus, it is expected that a professional consultant doesn’t have to insist on...
There are three types of research through which consultants can conduct their research: causal, descriptive, and relational research. The choice of any of the following methods depends on the situation that faces the consultant and the advantages and limitations involved with the choice made. Causal research involves conducting research while...
Consultation is a helping relationship in which mental professionals either work with individuals or groups in various settings to help them work more effectively or face a certain problem that might be of concern to them. In the consultation process, there are usually three parties that are involved: the consultant,...
The government of the USA has been noted economists to be ever stretching its budget. This simply indicates its plan to increase its purchasing power in order to buy the services and goods necessary for running the economy. For example, it actively participates in international trade from which it acquires...
A consumer is a term that is commonly used in business, and it refers to a group of individuals who utilize services and goods that are produced in a given economic setup. For example, if you buy goods in a shop, you become a consumer of those goods. We can...
People make several decisions on a daily basis because of the challenges that they encounter in different environments. Decisions are made through a cognitive process that is psychological in nature. There are many factors that determine the kind of decisions a person makes. Some of these factors are personal principles,...
Planning refers to the process of fulfilling a given task, goal, or objective. Various organizations always come up with different models of planning depending on their objectives. The process of planning is very vital. This is because it is what determines the success or failure of a given business or...
Basically, privatization is selling government properties to private owners; this reduces or finishes the control of government to the affairs of the company or organization privatized. There are different advantages of privatization which include; There is improved efficiency as the organization competes freely in the market The organization lacks political...
Socio-cultural components affect the perception, attitude, and comprehension that an individual has toward something shaped by past experiences, culture, and social group that someone is recognized with. The way an individual is brought up, the experiences, and the group that one interacts with influence how one perceives things. Someone may...
The physical environment is natural surroundings that make the universe with the exemption of life and any adjustments made by human beings in their activities. They include the ozone layer, air, macrocosmos, field, and radiation. These factors affect the life of human beings since they dictate activities that human beings...
Socioeconomic forces are factors that affect the operation of the economy. They are factors that arise due to different human beings’ actions which in turn affect their lives. These factors include; population increase economic policies health policies social welfare systems household income income distribution infant mortality rate education level living...
Natural resources are economical materials, mostly found in raw form, utilized by human beings to make various commodities. They include natural forests, oil reserves, water, soil, quarries, and wild animals. In one way or another, all goods in society have their source in natural sources. They are raw materials in...
Culture is a homogenous behavior adopted by a certain group of people, mostly living together or who have something in common. In societies, when a child is born, he/she is introduced to the way of life of the society. Different societies have a different culture instilled in a newcomer and...
There are three types of intangible assets in terms of impairment and amortizations. The first type comprises intangible assets that are amortized, and the method of amortization involves a two-step impairment method same as that used for tangible assets. Intangible assets that have indefinite lives are not amortized and are...
The depreciation charge is calculated on the estimated useful economic life of the assets at the time of acquisition. If there is a change in the estimated economic life during a period when the asset is under use by the businesses, then there is a need to amend the depreciation...