Copernicus and Galileo are naturalists who studied in detail the structure of the solar system. Copernicus was the first to realize that the system was not geocentric but rather that the planets revolved around the Sun. Galileo was a follower of the heliocentric system and a proponent of experimental physics; it was Galileo who was able to show the failure of Aristotle’s metaphysical teaching empirically.
Both men demonstrated to the world that stable ideas could be wrong if the experiment shows otherwise. The scientific revolution they produced could not fail to affect psychology-many of the existing paradigms were subjected to critical analysis in order to determine their appropriateness.
Recognition of the objectivity of the world and subjectivity of human cognition has introduced into psychology an essential postulate about the bias of cognition and the impossibility of achieving absolute truth. It has also given rise to further ideas about the personalization of psychological practices with the purpose of searching for the optimum approach to the patient.