The case history method is gathering background information about and doing close observations of a person in order to determine how to treat them or to learn knowledge that may be applicable to others. To ascertain if fluctuations in certain variables frequently occur together, the correlational approach is applied.
An experiment is conducted as part of the experimental technique to determine if the variance in dependent variables is affected. Tests must show their reliability or how reproducible their results are. Additionally, tests must show their validity or the extent to which they accurately reflect their intended purpose. Objective tests are sets of questions with a small variance of answers.
The projective hypothesis, which contends that when asked to explain or interpret ambiguous stimuli, a person’s replies would be impacted by unconscious wants, feelings, and experiences, served as the foundation for projective tests in the past. Due to the possibility of test results being very subjective and prone to a variety of rating biases, objective tests have some limitations. Projective tests take time and effort to assess and provide a small sample of data, which can be distorted.