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Vacuum thermal evaporation is a deposition technique that consists of heating a substance until vaporization is deposited. The vapor of the material finally condenses and settles on the surface of the empty chamber walls. This procedure is needed to avoid oxidation and prevent any reaction between the crucible and the...
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a wireless mode of communication that provides for high-speed transmission of data with light being possible. This mode of data exchange is new in technology and depends on intense optical modulation. It is applied primarily to underwater divulgence, vehicle-to-vehicle conveyance, inside a plane, or broadcasting...
If I was actually in a battle fought in space like the ones shown in science fiction movies, I would not be able to hear the explosions that occur. Sound travels by causing the molecules in the air to vibrate, but there is no atmosphere in space to carry sound...
Pascal’s principle claims that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is spread evenly in every direction throughout this fluid. This law has numerous applications, such as adjusting a dental chair, which is a shining example of hydraulic-lift systems. Using Pascal’s principle, one may easily multiply the applied force provided that...
According to Bernoulli’s principle, an increase in fluid speed lead to pressure being reduced or to the fluid’s potential energy being decreased. It is used to shed light on the mechanism of flight. As an aircraft’s wings are tapering, air passes considerably faster over the top compared to the lower...
The phenomenon observed can be explained by mechanisms of heat transmission, notably by the conductivity principle. As a nail is a solid object made of metal, it appears to be a better conductor of heat than a potato, which mainly consists of water. To be cooked, a potato’s internal temperature...
Newton’s First Law of motion, the Law of Inertia, states that a body at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. For example, if a ball is thrown in...
Newton’s Second Law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables: the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object. The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object and inversely upon the mass...
Newton’s Third Law of motion states that in inertial coordinates systems, the forces that the interacting bodies exert on each other are the same in absolute value and opposite in direction. For example, the upward thrust of a rocket: its high velocity is possible due to the interaction of forces....
Make a lab report evaluating linear regression models using RMSE. Study the kinetics of motion of a smart cart, which was propelled by adding the mass of a suspended weight. Discuss the results of direct measurements of the acceleration of the cart as a function of the weight that was...
Analyze Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, and The Combined Gas Law. Think about how these gas laws can be applied to everyday life. Give an example of where you have seen one of these laws in your recent daily activity. For example, you might have been driving up a mountain and...
Determine a starting or finishing position during the race using velocity. In racing, players compete against one another for a specific amount of time. It involves competitive nature, physical prowess, speed, direction, and velocity. These are necessary for racing since, without them, you will either get lost off the track...
Jean drove 30 miles at a speed of 40 mph to see her cousin. In rush hour traffic returning home, Jean’s speed was only 20 mph. What was Jean’s average speed for the round trip? Find the answers to these questions: How long did Jean spend driving to her cousin’s...
Discuss two of Newton’s three laws. You will need to state each law and explain what the law means in your own words. Find or draw at least two pictures that illustrate each law. Pictures can be from magazines, real photographs, and newspapers or hand drawn. The pictures from the...
Analyze and compare centripetal and centrifugal forces. Describe centripetal force, what the units are, and what variables impact this force. Please provide several examples of when this force is experienced. Describe centrifugal force and provide several examples of when this force is experienced. Identify some important equipment that relies on...
Analyze the basic operation of the radar gun from a stationary patrol car. Analyze the physical principle that the radar gun uses to measure the speed of a moving vehicle, including any relevant equations. Issues related to the direction the car is moving with respect to the direction in which...
Analyze how thermodynamics can apply to environmental issues. Why might vegetarianism be a more efficient use of land, based on the laws of thermodynamics? Discuss why personal automobiles are a poor choice for achieving sustainability, given the laws of thermodynamics. Think about the number of energy conversions to make an...
Discuss specific heat, its details, and its means. Evaluate the specific heat and how it impacts different aspects of everyday life. Please, include research and discussion of how specific heat of metals plays into the different metals chosen for cooking. Point out the research about the specific heat of “land”...
A cart is accelerated as it moves along a track by force applied to it via a rope attached to a hanging mass. What factors might have an impact on the motion of the cart? Which factors are not quantifiable or over which you have little or no control? Of...
Collect and use experimental data for an object that experiences a collision to build graphical and mathematical models for the system. These models represent the relationships between dependent and independent variables. A cart on a track will collide with a stationary cart. Force sensors in the smart carts are used...
Read through several recent scientific magazines and look for an article related to Physics or Chemistry. Mention the title of the primary source article and discuss its author’s qualifications. Summarize the primary source article in your own words. Provide a critique of the primary source article in your own words. ...
Verify that the Ideal Gas model gives reasonable predictions of gas behavior. Vary the volume of a gas container and observe the change in the temperature and pressure as a reaction to the volume change. In this experiment, when you suddenly decrease the volume of the syringe, the pressure changes...
Provide the simple pendulum experiment. Study the motion of a simple pendulum – a pendulum with a small angle of swing (approximately 20 degrees from the vertical). To answer this question, take into account that the period is the time for one full swing (let go, let it come back...
Changing the shape of the aperture naturally affects the output diffraction pattern. The more points there are on the aperture from a spherical wave, the more secondary waves are generated, and as a result, a more blurred interference pattern is created. Consequently, the more irregular the shape of the aperture...
Interference is the superposition of two or more waves as they approach each other. This, in turn, creates a set of concentric circles of dark and colored colors on the screen. This effect is likely in diffraction when a light beam initiates secondary waves’ formation on the boundaries of an...
The alternation of dark and colored rings on the screen is caused by an obstacle in the light beam’s path. If the linear size of the slit is commensurate with the wavelength, then diffraction is possible. Doubling of slits works as a creation of coherent sources, which means that each...
It is through gravity that people are able to fall on the ground without losing contact with it. Moreover, gravity makes it possible to move by lifting the body even when one is moving on a level surface. The braking action and gravity act together when one is moving. During...
The first Newton’s law of motion states, “a body at rest or moving in a straight line in a constant speed will remain at rest or in a constant speed unless another force acts on it”. This assumption is referred to as the law of inertia. The concept of inertia...
The words weight and mass are used similarly, but their meaning is very different. An object’s mass is the same regardless of where it is placed in the universe. The weight of an object on the other hand varies in different places. Nonetheless, many people talk about kilograms when referring...
Stars are the most glittering objects in the night sky. It is really an interesting subject to know about the stars and astronomers rely upon different methods to understand all the important things about the stars. A star is a massive and luminous plasmatic ball and all the plasma is...
About 4.5 billion years ago due to the collapse of a hydrogen molecular cloud, the Sun was formed. The solar formation was created in two unique ways, by using computer models based on Stellar Evolution we can determine the age of the Sun. We also use the radiometric data for...
According to the equilibrium rule, an object is at a state of equilibrium when all the forces acting on an object are balanced. This occurs when the net force of the object is zero. In the equilibrium state, the object is either moving in the same direction or being at...
A normal force is a responsive push-back force that acts in response to a pull or push. The upward force that balances an object’s weight on the surface is the support force. This force is also called a normal force because it exists in response to a force from another...
The force arising between two objects in contact, which always acts in the opposite direction to a push, is friction force. Speed is a scalar quantity. It is defined as the rate at which distance is covered by an object. On the other hand, the rate at which position changes...
The measure of inertia, which depends on mass and not weight or gravity, is a resistance offered by a body to change in position or motion. In a state of rest, the mass of an object is its measure of inertia. When a body is in motion, inertia is proportional...
The different tonal frequencies generated sounds of varying intensities and loudness; in other words, frequency has a significant impact on the loudness of sound. The pitch of the different tones picked up by the ears aligns with the SL intensities reflected in the spectrum analyzer. For instance, the perceived level...
Quasars are luminous galaxies that emit radio waves in the spectrum between 10 MHz and 100 GHz, making them detectable as red flashes of light. They are thousands of light-years away from our own galaxy and form the core part of most distant galaxies. The evidence is now overwhelming that...
Quasars are the glowing part of distant galaxies; they achieve this by emitting electromagnetic radiations of very high frequencies detectable as bright light. According to Einstein’s energy equation E=MC2, an object emitting high energy will continuously reduce its mass as it discharges more energy and will cease to be matter...
The ear plays the role of a frequency receiver, and this is facilitated by its capability to identify and distinguish pure tones. On the other hand, the speaker and microphone serve the function of a frequency channel. The form is the pathway through which frequency travels from the source to...
A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram refers to an illustration in which the absolute magnitude or essential brightness of stars are plotted vertically against the surface temperatures or corresponding spectral types. There seems to be a strong connection between brightness and surface temperatures, with types of blue stars having higher luminosity and types...
The popular method that is being used is called the parallax. Due to the earth’s revolution around the sun, stars that are close by earth also seem to be very distant. Thus, astronomers, by having prior knowledge of the movement of stars and the earth’s orbit, are able to calculate...
For many years, historians and poets have been fascinated by the green color that appears when the eyes of different animals get into contact with light at night. Unlike human beings, animals’ eyes tend to glow when illuminated at night. Jenkins indicates that the occurrence is caused by a layer...
The Hubble sequence is an old classification of galaxies but is still relevant. The Hubble sequence is used in professional astronomical research and amateur astronomy. The main remark about the Hubble sequence is that it does not fully cover the variety of galaxies. Also, the sequence does not take into...
The Andromeda galaxy is Sb in the Hubble sequence; the Milky Way galaxy is SBbc. The selected galaxy Size Composition Structure History Galaxy Milky Way Diameter: 30,000 pc; Thickness: 1000 light years. Contains stars, constellations, gas and dust. Spiral-shaped, with a black hole in the middle. In the 18th century,...
The caskets with the bodies of the three deceased employees were covered with lead and a thick layer of concrete in order to reduce the radiation background in the burial area due to an extremely long half-life of the isotope uranium-235.
A fission reaction is a nuclear fusion process aimed at generating energy. To absorb a neutron, a special isotope, uranium-235, is applied.
a. λ=hc/E, where λ=wavelength of X-ray produced, h=planks constant, E=energy (eV) e is electron charge, c=velocity of light.b. (1) shorter wavelength, (2) intensity increases.
Pyroclastic material often appears during (or rather is a result of) a volcanic eruption. It consists of volcanic rock, ash, lava, and gases. These materials come in a cloud or a flow. The flow and the cloud are very hot and cause a lot of damage to people and areas...
The content of silica in magma affects its viscosity. Thus, if the content of silica increases viscosity of magma also becomes higher. This process is associated with the high melting point of this compound.
Tsunami is a large amount of water that moves to the land. An earthquake that occurs in the ocean, as well as a big lake, makes large volumes of water move. A tsunami is often a series of huge waves.
First difference is that P waves are faster than S waves.Secondly, S wave “involves oscillation perpendicular to the direction of propagation,” while P waves are characterized by compressional motion.Thirdly, P waves can travel through liquid, whereas S waves cannot do this.
The Big Bang theory postulates that the Universe later expanded rapidly. The theory is supported by various pieces of evidence: for instance, the expansion, its early hot state, helium, and galaxy formation are derived from various cosmological models, including cosmic microwave background, Hubble diagram (type la supernovae), availability of light...
Stellar Parallax describes the movement of a star against other more distant stars during the revolution of the Earth around the Sun. The concept can be used to determine the distance of a few stars that are close to the Sun. Mathematically, the distance to a star in parsecs will...
The answer is spectroscopy. Explanation: Spectroscopy is concerned with the exploration and analysis the electromagnetic spectrum of light. The electromagnetic spectrum is the term used to describe the variety of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. Different wavelengths of electromagnetic waves produce various colors. Some of these colors can be seen by...
The correct answer is C. An incandescent light bulb produces a continuous visible spectrum. Explanation: Visible light spectrum is the term used to define the range of wavelength that can be discerned by the human eye. However, the vast share of electromagnetic waves are invisible to humans. Below is the...
Correct answer is B. A real object has a positive object distance. Explanation: The lens equation is an important topic in physics and optics because it allows quantifying the relationship between an object and an image. There are three key concepts involved in a lens equation: object distance, image distance,...