Kidney Disease in a 13-Year-Old Boy

Analyze the case concerning kidney disease in a 13-year-old boy.

A 13-year-old boy presented to the clinic complaining of a sore throat that persisted for two days. After those two days, he developed a fever, nausea, and malaise. A throat culture revealed the presence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, and the child was started on antibiotic therapy. Two weeks later, he returned to the clinic because the fever, nausea, and malaise had returned. He became tachypneic and short of breath. The mother noted that his eyes were puffy, his ankles were swollen, and his urine was dark and cloudy. Which evidence supports the conclusion that this patient has kidney disease?