The immune system of persons with ITP views platelets as alien and kills them. Because the spleen helps eliminate these damaged platelets, removing them may assist in maintaining a healthy platelet count in the body.
Splenectomy was the usual therapy for ITP before the development of pharmacological treatments, and it is currently used in individuals with persistent severe ITP. Splenectomy remains a viable therapeutic option for a few patients, including those with fulminant ITP that should not respond to pharmacological therapy.
Splenectomy is an effective treatment for immune thrombocytopenia that is steroid-refractory or dependent (ITP). With the introduction of medication treatments such as rituximab or thrombopoietin antagonists, splenectomy has decreased in popularity and is now reserved for patients who have failed several pharmacological therapies.
Splenectomy eliminates the principal Source of platelet elimination and autoantibody generation and has the best percentage of long-lasting response of all ITP therapy. Due to the lack of direct comparisons of the long-term effectiveness of various second-line medical therapy for ITP, treatment choices must be taken without supporting data.