Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell.

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It is paramount to clarify that ketone bodies, at first glance, should have had a positive effect on ammonia genesis since ketosis states of the body metabolically lead to ammonia synthesis. However, studies with dogs in states of acidosis showed the opposite effect: infusion of ketone bodies had a negative effect on the intensity of ammonia genesis. In this connection, it is still important to emphasize the reaction that takes place in animals during which glutamine and glutamate are converted into alpha-ketoglutarate:

The glutamine and glutamate conversion into alpha-ketoglutarate.

That is, in fact, this transformation results in the formation of ammonia, which is supposed to accumulate and leave the body with urine. However, the infusion of ketone bodies inhibits this reaction — probably by suppressing the enzymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase — resulting in a sharp decrease in ammonia production, that is, suppression of ammonia genesis.

From this, it can be concluded that infusion of body ketones has an inhibitory effect on the activity of renal tubule mitochondria. In this case, however, there is no significant change in the systemic pH, which means that this effect is mediated only locally, inside the renal mitochondria.

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Academic.Tips. (2023) 'Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell'. 11 February.

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Academic.Tips. (2023, February 11). Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell. https://academic.tips/question/explain-how-ketone-bodies-depress-renal-ammoniogenesis-by-preventing-the-transformation-of-glutamine-and-glutamate-into-%CE%B1-ketoglutarate-in-the-mitochondria-of-the-renal-tubular-cell/

References

Academic.Tips. 2023. "Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell." February 11, 2023. https://academic.tips/question/explain-how-ketone-bodies-depress-renal-ammoniogenesis-by-preventing-the-transformation-of-glutamine-and-glutamate-into-%CE%B1-ketoglutarate-in-the-mitochondria-of-the-renal-tubular-cell/.

1. Academic.Tips. "Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell." February 11, 2023. https://academic.tips/question/explain-how-ketone-bodies-depress-renal-ammoniogenesis-by-preventing-the-transformation-of-glutamine-and-glutamate-into-%CE%B1-ketoglutarate-in-the-mitochondria-of-the-renal-tubular-cell/.

Bibliography

Academic.Tips. "Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell." February 11, 2023. https://academic.tips/question/explain-how-ketone-bodies-depress-renal-ammoniogenesis-by-preventing-the-transformation-of-glutamine-and-glutamate-into-%CE%B1-ketoglutarate-in-the-mitochondria-of-the-renal-tubular-cell/.

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"Explain how ketone bodies depress renal ammoniogenesis by preventing the transformation of glutamine and glutamate into α-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria of the renal tubular cell." Academic.Tips, 11 Feb. 2023, academic.tips/question/explain-how-ketone-bodies-depress-renal-ammoniogenesis-by-preventing-the-transformation-of-glutamine-and-glutamate-into-%CE%B1-ketoglutarate-in-the-mitochondria-of-the-renal-tubular-cell/.

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