The various disorders of writing disorders include poor spelling, grammatical errors, errors in punctuation, and poor handwriting. In a child with a writing disorder, spelling errors are the most common problem. Earlier terms used to describe writing disability include spelling disorder and spelling dyslexia.
Causes of writing disorders are believed to be similar to those of reading disorders, i.e., deficits in the use of the components of language related to letter sounds. It is likely that genetic factors play a significant role in the development of writing disorders.
Characteristic diagnostic features of reading disorders include difficulty in recalling, evoking, and sequencing printed letters and words, processing sophisticated grammatical constructions, and making inferences.
The child may make errors in their oral reading like omissions, additions, and distortions of words. There is a difficulty in distinguishing between printed letter characters and sizes.
The reading speed is slow, often with minimal comprehension.
Dyslexia, or developmental reading disorder, is a reading disability. The basic problem is the inability of the brain to recognize and process symbols. Children with this problem have a problem in rhyming and separating the sounds in spoken words, which is essential in the process of learning to read.
The symptoms include rhyming problems, difficulty in learning to recognize written words, and knowing the meaning of a simple sentence. Writing or arithmetic learning problems may occur along with dyslexia.